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1 \documentclass[dvipsnames,14pt,t]{beamer} |
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2 \usepackage{beamerthemeplainculight} |
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3 \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} |
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4 \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} |
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5 \usepackage{mathpartir} |
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6 \usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos} |
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7 \usepackage{ifthen} |
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8 \usepackage{tikz} |
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9 \usepackage{pgf} |
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10 \usepackage{calc} |
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11 \usepackage{ulem} |
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12 \usepackage{courier} |
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13 \usepackage{listings} |
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14 \renewcommand{\uline}[1]{#1} |
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15 \usetikzlibrary{arrows} |
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16 \usetikzlibrary{automata} |
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17 \usetikzlibrary{shapes} |
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18 \usetikzlibrary{shadows} |
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19 \usetikzlibrary{positioning} |
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20 \usetikzlibrary{calc} |
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21 \usepackage{graphicx} |
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22 |
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23 \definecolor{javared}{rgb}{0.6,0,0} % for strings |
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26 \definecolor{javadocblue}{rgb}{0.25,0.35,0.75} % javadoc |
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27 |
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28 \lstset{language=Java, |
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29 basicstyle=\ttfamily, |
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30 keywordstyle=\color{javapurple}\bfseries, |
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32 commentstyle=\color{javagreen}, |
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33 morecomment=[s][\color{javadocblue}]{/**}{*/}, |
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37 numbersep=10pt, |
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38 tabsize=2, |
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39 showspaces=false, |
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40 showstringspaces=false} |
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41 |
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42 \lstdefinelanguage{scala}{ |
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43 morekeywords={abstract,case,catch,class,def,% |
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45 for,if,implicit,import,match,mixin,% |
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46 new,null,object,override,package,% |
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47 private,protected,requires,return,sealed,% |
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48 super,this,throw,trait,true,try,% |
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50 otherkeywords={=>,<-,<\%,<:,>:,\#,@}, |
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51 sensitive=true, |
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52 morecomment=[l]{//}, |
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53 morecomment=[n]{/*}{*/}, |
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54 morestring=[b]", |
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55 morestring=[b]', |
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56 morestring=[b]""" |
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57 } |
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58 |
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59 \lstset{language=Scala, |
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60 basicstyle=\ttfamily, |
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61 keywordstyle=\color{javapurple}\bfseries, |
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62 stringstyle=\color{javagreen}, |
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63 commentstyle=\color{javagreen}, |
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64 morecomment=[s][\color{javadocblue}]{/**}{*/}, |
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65 numbers=left, |
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66 numberstyle=\tiny\color{black}, |
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67 stepnumber=1, |
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68 numbersep=10pt, |
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69 tabsize=2, |
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70 showspaces=false, |
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71 showstringspaces=false} |
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72 |
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73 % beamer stuff |
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74 \renewcommand{\slidecaption}{APP 04, King's College London, 16 October 2012} |
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75 |
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76 |
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77 \begin{document} |
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78 |
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79 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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80 \mode<presentation>{ |
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81 \begin{frame}<1>[t] |
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82 \frametitle{% |
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83 \begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}} |
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84 \\ |
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85 \LARGE Access Control and \\[-3mm] |
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86 \LARGE Privacy Policies (4)\\[-6mm] |
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87 \end{tabular}}\bigskip\bigskip\bigskip |
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88 |
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89 %\begin{center} |
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90 %\includegraphics[scale=1.3]{pics/barrier.jpg} |
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91 %\end{center} |
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92 |
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93 \normalsize |
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94 \begin{center} |
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95 \begin{tabular}{ll} |
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96 Email: & christian.urban at kcl.ac.uk\\ |
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97 Of$\!$fice: & S1.27 (1st floor Strand Building)\\ |
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98 Slides: & KEATS (also homework is there)\\ |
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99 \end{tabular} |
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100 \end{center} |
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101 |
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102 |
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103 \end{frame}} |
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104 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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105 |
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106 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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107 \mode<presentation>{ |
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108 \begin{frame}[c] |
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109 \frametitle{Unix-Style Access Control} |
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110 |
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111 \begin{itemize} |
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112 \item Q: ``I am using Windows. Why should I care?'' \\ A: In Windows you have: |
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113 |
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114 \begin{center} |
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115 \begin{tabular}{l} |
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116 administrators group\\ |
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117 \hspace{5mm}(has complete control over the machine)\\ |
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118 authenticated users\\ |
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119 server operators\\ |
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120 power users\\ |
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121 network configuration operators\\ |
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122 \end{tabular} |
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123 \end{center}\medskip |
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124 |
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125 \item Modern versions of Windows have more fine-grained AC; they do not have a setuid bit, but |
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126 have \texttt{runas} (asks for a password).\pause |
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127 |
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128 \item OS provided access control can \alert{add} to your |
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129 security. |
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130 \end{itemize} |
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131 |
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132 |
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133 \end{frame}} |
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134 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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135 |
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136 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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137 \mode<presentation>{ |
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138 \begin{frame}[c] |
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139 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{c}Network Applications:\\[-1mm] Privilege Separation\end{tabular}} |
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140 |
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141 |
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142 \begin{center} |
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143 \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1] |
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144 |
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145 \draw[line width=1mm] (-.3, 0) rectangle (1.5,2); |
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146 \draw (4.7,1) node {Internet}; |
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147 \draw (0.6,1.7) node {\footnotesize Interface}; |
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148 \draw (0.6,-0.4) node {\footnotesize \begin{tabular}{c}unprivileged\\[-1mm] process\end{tabular}}; |
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149 \draw (-2.7,-0.4) node {\footnotesize \begin{tabular}{c}privileged\\[-1mm] process\end{tabular}}; |
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150 |
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151 \draw[line width=1mm] (-1.8, 0) rectangle (-3.6,2); |
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152 |
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153 \draw[white] (1.7,1) node (X) {}; |
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154 \draw[white] (3.7,1) node (Y) {}; |
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155 \draw[red, <->, line width = 2mm] (X) -- (Y); |
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156 |
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157 \draw[red, <->, line width = 1mm] (-0.6,1) -- (-1.6,1); |
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158 \end{tikzpicture} |
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159 \end{center} |
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160 |
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161 \begin{itemize} |
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162 \item the idea is make the attack surface smaller and |
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163 mitigate the consequences of an attack |
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164 \end{itemize} |
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165 |
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166 |
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167 \end{frame}} |
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168 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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169 |
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170 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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171 \mode<presentation>{ |
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172 \begin{frame}[c] |
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173 \frametitle{Shared Access Control} |
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174 |
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175 \begin{center} |
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176 \includegraphics[scale=0.7]{pics/pointsplane.jpg} |
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177 \end{center} |
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178 |
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179 \begin{textblock}{11}(10.5,10.5) |
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180 \small |
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181 To take an action you\\[-1mm] |
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182 need either: |
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183 \begin{itemize} |
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184 \item 1 CEO\\[-5mm] |
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185 \item 2 MDs\\[-5mm] |
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186 \item 3 Ds |
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187 \end{itemize} |
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188 \end{textblock} |
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189 |
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190 \end{frame}} |
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191 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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192 |
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193 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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194 \mode<presentation>{ |
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195 \begin{frame}[c] |
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196 \frametitle{Lessons from Access Control} |
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197 |
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198 \begin{itemize} |
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199 \item if you have too many roles (i.e.~too finegrained AC), then |
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200 hierarchy is too complex\\ |
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201 \textcolor{gray}{you invite situations like\ldots let's be root}\bigskip |
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202 |
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203 \item you can still abuse the system\ldots |
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204 |
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205 \end{itemize} |
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206 |
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207 \end{frame}} |
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208 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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209 |
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210 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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211 \mode<presentation>{ |
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212 \begin{frame}[c] |
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213 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}A ``Cron''-Attack\end{tabular}} |
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214 |
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215 The idea is to trick a privileged person to do something on your behalf: |
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216 |
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217 \begin{itemize} |
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218 \item root:\\\texttt{rm /tmp/*/*}\bigskip\bigskip\pause |
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219 |
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220 \footnotesize |
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221 \begin{minipage}{1.1\textwidth} |
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222 \textcolor{gray}{the shell behind the scenes:}\\ |
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223 \textcolor{gray}{\texttt{rm /tmp/dir$_1$/file$_1$ /tmp/dir$_1$/file$_2$ /tmp/dir$_2$/file$_1$ \ldots}}\bigskip\\ |
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224 |
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225 \textcolor{gray}{this takes time} |
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226 \end{minipage} |
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227 \end{itemize} |
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228 |
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229 |
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230 \end{frame}} |
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231 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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232 |
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233 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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234 \mode<presentation>{ |
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235 \begin{frame}[c] |
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236 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}A ``Cron''-Attack\end{tabular}} |
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237 |
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238 \begin{enumerate} |
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239 \item attacker \textcolor{gray}{(creates a fake passwd file)}\\ |
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240 \texttt{mkdir /tmp/a; cat > /tmp/a/passwd}\medskip |
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241 \item root \textcolor{gray}{(does the daily cleaning)}\\ |
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242 \texttt{rm /tmp/*/*}\medskip\\ |
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243 \hspace{2cm}\textcolor{gray}{\small records that \texttt{/tmp/a/passwd}}\\ |
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244 \hspace{2cm}\textcolor{gray}{\small should be deleted, but does not do it yet}\medskip\\ |
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245 |
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246 \item attacker \textcolor{gray}{(meanwhile deletes the fake passwd file, and establishes a link to |
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247 the real passwd file)}\\ |
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248 \texttt{rm /tmp/a/passwd; rmdir /tmp/a;}\\\texttt{ln -s /etc /tmp/a}\\ |
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249 \item root now deletes the real passwd file |
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250 \end{enumerate} |
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251 |
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252 \only<2>{ |
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253 \begin{textblock}{11}(2,5) |
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254 \begin{tikzpicture} |
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255 \draw (0,0) node[inner sep=2mm,fill=cream, ultra thick, draw=red, rounded corners=2mm] |
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256 {\normalsize\color{darkgray} |
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257 \begin{minipage}{9cm}\raggedright |
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258 To prevent this kind of attack, you need additional |
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259 policies. |
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260 \end{minipage}}; |
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261 \end{tikzpicture} |
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262 \end{textblock}} |
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263 |
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264 \end{frame}} |
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265 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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266 |
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267 |
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268 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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269 \mode<presentation>{ |
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270 \begin{frame}[c] |
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271 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Schneier Analysis\end{tabular}} |
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272 |
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273 \begin{itemize} |
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274 \item What assets are you trying to protect? |
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275 \item What are the risks to these assets? |
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276 \item How well does the security solution mitigate those risks? |
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277 \item What other risks does the security solution cause? |
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278 \item What costs and trade-offs does the security solution impose? |
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279 \end{itemize} |
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280 |
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281 \textcolor{gray}{There is no absolutely secure system and security almost never comes for free.} |
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282 |
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283 \end{frame}} |
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284 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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285 |
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286 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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287 \mode<presentation>{ |
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288 \begin{frame}[t] |
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289 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Example: Credit Cards\end{tabular}} |
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290 |
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291 You might have the policy of not typing in your credit card online. Worthwhile or not? |
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292 \begin{itemize} |
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293 \item<2->What assets are you trying to protect?\\ |
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294 \only<2>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}your credit card number\end{tabular}} |
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295 \item<3->What are the risks to these assets?\\ |
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296 \only<3>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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297 With credit cards you loose a fixed amount \pounds{50}. Amazon \pounds{50}. \end{tabular}} |
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298 \item<4->How well does the security solution mitigate those risks?\\ |
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299 \only<4>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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300 Well, hackers steal credit cards from databases. They usually do not attack you individually.\end{tabular}} |
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301 \item<5->What other risks does the security solution cause? |
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302 \only<5>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright None (?)\end{tabular}} |
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303 \item<6->What costs and trade-offs does the security solution impose? |
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304 \only<6>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright Internet shopping is convenient and sometimes cheaper.\end{tabular}} |
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305 \item<7>[]{\bf\large No!} |
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306 \end{itemize}\pause\pause |
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307 |
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308 |
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309 \end{frame}} |
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310 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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311 |
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312 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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313 \mode<presentation>{ |
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314 \begin{frame}[c] |
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315 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Example: Firewall\end{tabular}} |
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316 |
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317 \begin{center} |
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318 \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{pics/firewall.png} |
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319 \end{center} |
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320 |
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321 A firewall is a piece of software that controls incoming and outgoing traffic according to some rules. |
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322 \end{frame}} |
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323 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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324 |
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325 |
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326 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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327 \mode<presentation>{ |
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328 \begin{frame}[t] |
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329 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Example: Firewall\end{tabular}} |
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330 |
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331 \begin{itemize} |
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332 \item<1->What assets are you trying to protect?\\ |
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333 \only<1>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}Whatever is behind the firewall |
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334 (credit cards, passwords, blueprints, \ldots)\end{tabular}} |
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335 \item<2->What are the risks to these assets?\\ |
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336 \only<2>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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337 With a small online shop you are already at risk. Pentagon, definitely.\end{tabular}} |
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338 \item<3->How well does the security solution mitigate those risks?\\ |
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339 \only<3>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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340 Well, at home so not much. Everywhere else, if properly configurated then it does.\end{tabular}} |
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341 \item<4->What other risks does the security solution cause? |
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342 \only<4>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright There might be backdoors or bugs in the firewall, |
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343 but generally they are secure. You choose to prevent certain traffic.\end{tabular}} |
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344 \item<5->What costs and trade-offs does the security solution impose? |
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345 \only<5>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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346 Minimal to modest. Firewalls are part of free software. You need a knowledgeable |
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347 person to set them up.\end{tabular}} |
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348 \item<7>[]{\bf\large Yes!} |
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349 \end{itemize}\pause\pause |
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350 |
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351 |
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352 \end{frame}} |
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353 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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354 |
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355 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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356 \mode<presentation>{ |
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357 \begin{frame}[t] |
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358 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Ex: Two-Factor Authentication\end{tabular}} |
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359 |
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360 Google uses nowadays two-factor authentication. But it is an old(er) |
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361 idea. It is used for example in Germany and Netherlands for online transactions. |
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362 |
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363 \begin{center} |
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364 \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{pics/tan1.jpg}\hspace{5mm} |
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365 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{pics/tan2.jpg} |
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366 \end{center} |
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367 |
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368 \pause |
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369 Or nowadays by SMS (restricts the validity of the numbers) or with a secure generator |
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370 |
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371 \begin{center} |
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372 \includegraphics[scale=0.08]{pics/pinsentry.jpg} |
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373 \end{center} |
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374 |
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375 \end{frame}} |
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376 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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377 |
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378 |
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379 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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380 \mode<presentation>{ |
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381 \begin{frame}[t] |
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382 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Ex: Two-Factor Authentication\end{tabular}} |
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383 |
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384 \begin{itemize} |
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385 \item<1->What assets are you trying to protect?\\ |
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386 \only<1>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}Your bank account.\end{tabular}} |
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387 \item<2->What are the risks to these assets?\\ |
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388 \only<2>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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389 Nowadays pretty high risk.\end{tabular}} |
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390 \item<3->How well does the security solution mitigate those risks?\\ |
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391 \only<3>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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392 It prevents problems when passwords are stolen. Man-in-the-middle attacks |
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393 still possible.\end{tabular}} |
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394 \item<4->What other risks does the security solution cause? |
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395 \only<4>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright Your mobile phone or creditcard/pin might |
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396 be stolen. SIM card become valuable.\end{tabular}} |
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397 \item<5->What costs and trade-offs does the security solution impose? |
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398 \only<5>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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399 Banks need to establish an infrastructure. For you it might be inconvenient.\end{tabular}} |
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400 \item<7>[]{\bf\large Yes!} |
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401 \end{itemize} |
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402 |
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403 |
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404 \end{frame}} |
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405 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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406 |
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407 |
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408 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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409 \mode<presentation>{ |
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410 \begin{frame}[t] |
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411 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Security Seals\end{tabular}} |
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412 |
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413 According to Ross Anderson: ``\ldots is a tamper-indicating device |
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414 designed to leave non-erasable, unambiguous evidence of unauthorized |
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415 entry or tampering.'' |
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416 |
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417 \begin{center} |
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418 \includegraphics[scale=0.45]{pics/seal.jpg} |
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419 \end{center}\mbox{}\\[-12mm] |
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420 |
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421 They also need some quite sophisticated policies (seal regiment). |
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422 \end{frame}} |
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423 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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424 |
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425 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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426 \mode<presentation>{ |
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427 \begin{frame}[t] |
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428 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Security Seals (2)\end{tabular}} |
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429 |
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430 \begin{itemize} |
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431 \item at the Argonne National Laboratory they tested 244 different security seals (including 19\% |
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432 that were used for safeguard of nuclear material) |
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433 \begin{itemize} |
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434 \item mean time to break the seals for a trained person: 100 s |
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435 \end{itemize}\bigskip |
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436 |
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437 \item Andrew Appel defeated all security seals which were supposed to keep |
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438 voting machines safe. |
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439 \end{itemize} |
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440 |
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441 |
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442 \only<2>{ |
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443 \begin{textblock}{11}(1,1) |
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444 \begin{tikzpicture} |
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445 \draw (0,0) node[inner sep=2mm,fill=cream, ultra thick, draw=red, rounded corners=2mm] |
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446 {\normalsize |
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447 \begin{minipage}{11cm}\raggedright\small |
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448 \begin{center} |
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449 \includegraphics[scale=0.25]{pics/appelseals.jpg} |
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450 \end{center} |
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451 \begin{center} |
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452 \begin{minipage}{10.5cm} |
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453 \begin{itemize} |
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454 \item The tamper-indicating tape can be lifted using a heat gun. |
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455 \item The security screw cap can be removed using a screwdriver, then the |
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456 serial-numbered top can be replaced (undamaged) onto a fresh (unnumbered) base. |
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457 \item The wire seal can be defeated using a \#4 wood screw. |
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458 \item The plastic strap seal can be picked using a jeweler's screwdriver. |
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459 \end{itemize} |
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460 \end{minipage} |
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461 \end{center} |
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462 \end{minipage}}; |
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463 \end{tikzpicture} |
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464 \end{textblock}} |
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465 |
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466 \end{frame}} |
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467 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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468 |
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469 |
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470 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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471 \mode<presentation>{ |
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472 \begin{frame}[t] |
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473 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}Ex: Security Seals\end{tabular}} |
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474 |
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475 \begin{itemize} |
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476 \item<1->What assets are you trying to protect?\\ |
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477 \only<1>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}Voting machines, doors.\end{tabular}} |
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478 \item<2->What are the risks to these assets?\\ |
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479 \only<2>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright Casual thiefs, insider attacks.\end{tabular}} |
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480 \item<3->How well does the security solution mitigate those risks?\\ |
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481 \only<3>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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482 Needs a quite complicated security regiment.\end{tabular}} |
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483 \item<4->What other risks does the security solution cause? |
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484 \only<4>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright You might not notice tampering.\end{tabular}} |
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485 \item<5->What costs and trade-offs does the security solution impose? |
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486 \only<5>{\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{1cm}}p{9cm}}\raggedright |
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487 The ``hardware'' is cheap, but indirect costs can be quite high.\end{tabular}} |
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488 \item<7>[]{\bf\large No!} {\textcolor{gray}{Though in some areas they work: airport.}} |
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489 \end{itemize} |
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490 |
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491 |
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492 \end{frame}} |
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493 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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494 |
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495 |
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496 \end{document} |
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497 |
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498 %%% Local Variables: |
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499 %%% mode: latex |
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500 %%% TeX-master: t |
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501 %%% End: |
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502 |