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 stretching their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum
 necessary.&rdquo; I am always happy to supervise like-minded students.
 </H4>
 <H4>In 2013/14, I was nominated by the students
-for the best BSc project supervisor and best MSc project supervisor awards in the NMS
+for the best BSc project supervisor and best MSc project supervisor awards in the NMES
 faculty. Somehow I won both. In 2014/15 I was nominated again for the best MSc
 project supervisor, but did not win it. ;o)
 </H4>
 <ul class="striped">
 <A HREF="http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Haskell">Haskell</A>, etc. Python and other non-functional languages
 can be also used, but seem much less convenient. If you do attend my Compilers and Formal Languages
 module, that would obviously give you a head-start with this project.
 </p>
-<li> <H4>[CU2] Grammars and Derivative-Based Parsing Algorithms</H4>
+<li> <H4>[CU1a] Grammars and Derivative-Based Parsing Algorithms</H4>
 <p>
 Parsing is an old nut. Generations of software developers need to do parsing of data or text.
 There are zillions of links, tools, papers and textbooks about parsing. One particular
 <A HREF="https://dickgrune.com/Books/PTAPG_1st_Edition/BookBody.pdf">book</A> contains something
 <p>
 <B>Skills:</B> See [CU1].
 </p>
-<li> <H4>[CU3] A Compiler for a small Programming Language</H4>
+<li> <H4>[CU2] A Compiler for a small Programming Language</H4>
 <p>
 <b>Description:</b>
 Compilers translate high-level programs that humans can read and write into
 efficient machine code that can be run on a CPU or virtual machine.
-A compiler for a simple functional language generating X86 code is described
+A compiler for a simple functional language generating assembly code is described
-<A HREF="https://libraries.io/github/chameco/Shade">here</A>.
+<A HREF="https://esumii.github.io/min-caml/paper.pdf">here</A>.
 I recently implemented a very simple compiler for an even simpler functional
 programming language following this
 <A HREF="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/tal-toplas.pdf">paper</A>
 (also described <A HREF="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/tal-tr.pdf">here</A>).
-My code, written in <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>, of this compiler is
+My code, written in <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>, for this compiler is
-<A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/compiler.scala">here</A>.
+<A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/SystemF-compiler.scala">here</A>.
-The compiler can deal with simple programs involving natural numbers, such
+The compiler can only deal with simple programs involving natural numbers, such
-as Fibonacci numbers or factorial (but it can be easily extended - that is not the point).
+as Fibonacci numbers or factorial function (but it can be easily extended - that is not the point).
+The interesting feature in this compiler is that it can also deal with closure conversions and hoisting of
+nested functions.
 </p>
 <p>
 While the hard work has been done (understanding the two papers above),
 my compiler only produces some idealised machine code. For example I
 assume there are infinitely many registers. The goal of this
 project is to generate machine code that is more realistic and can
 run on a CPU, like X86, or run on a virtual machine, say the JVM.
+You could also compile to the LLVM-IR.
 This gives probably a speedup of thousand times in comparison to
-my naive machine code and virtual machine. The project
+my naive machine code and tiny virtual machine. The project
-requires to dig into the literature about real CPUs and generating
+requires to dig into the literature about real  machine code.
-real machine code.
 </p>
 <p>
 An alternative is to not generate machine code, but build a compiler that compiles to
 <A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">JavaScript</A>. This is the language that is supported by most
 browsers and therefore is a favourite
 languages to program in (being designed and released in a hurry). <B>But</B> it can be used as a convenient target
 for translating programs from other languages. In particular there are two
 very optimised subsets of JavaScript that can be used for this purpose:
 one is <A HREF="http://asmjs.org">asm.js</A> and the other is
 <A HREF="https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki">emscripten</A>. Since
-last year there is even the official <A HREF="http://webassembly.org">Webassembly</A>
+a few year ago there is even the official <A HREF="http://webassembly.org">Webassembly</A>
 There is a <A HREF="http://kripken.github.io/emscripten-site/docs/getting_started/Tutorial.html">tutorial</A> for emscripten
 and an impressive <A HREF="https://youtu.be/c2uNDlP4RiE">demo</A> which runs the
 <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unreal_Engine">Unreal Engine 3</A>
 in a browser with spectacular speed. This was achieved by compiling the
 C-code of the Unreal Engine to the LLVM intermediate language and then translating the LLVM
-code to JavaScript.
+code to JavaScript/Webassembly.
 </p>
 <p>
 <B>Literature:</B>
 There is a lot of literature about compilers
 for the intermediate language of the <A HREF="http://llvm.org">LLVM</A> compiler
 (also described <A HREF="http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html">here</A>). If you want to see
 what machine code looks like you can compile your C-program using gcc -S.
 </p>
 <p>
-If JavaScript is chosen as a target instead, then there are plenty of <A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">tutorials</A> on the Web.
+If JavaScript is chosen as a target instead, then there are plenty of
+<A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">tutorials</A> on the Web.
 <A HREF="http://jsbooks.revolunet.com">Here</A> is a list of free books on JavaScript.
 A project from which you can draw inspiration is this
 <A HREF="http://jlongster.com/Outlet--My-Lisp-to-Javascript-Experiment">Lisp-to-JavaScript</A>
 translator. <A HREF="https://bitbucket.org/ktg/parenjs/overview">Here</A> is another such project.
 And <A HREF="https://github.com/viclib/liscript">another</A> in less than 100 lines of code.
 my Compiler and Formal Language module (6CCS3CFL).
 </p>
 <p>
 <B>PS:</B> Compiler projects consistently received high marks in the past.
-I have supervised eight so far and most of them received a mark above 70% - one even was awarded a prize.
+I have supervised eight so far and many of them received a mark above 70% - one even was awarded a prize.
-</p>
+However in order to achieve anything better than a passing mark, you need to go beyond the
+compiler presented in the CFL-module. For example you could implement
-<li> <H4>[CU4] Webassembly Interpreter / Compiler</H4>
+<ol class="note">
+<li>first-class functions and closure conversions</li>
+<li>recursive datatypes</li>
+<li>interesting type-systems</li>
+</ol>
+</p>
+<li> <H4>[CU2a] Webassembly Interpreter / Compiler</H4>
 <p>
 Webassembly is a recently agreed standard for speeding up web applications in browsers. In this
 project the aim is to implement an interpreter or compiler for webassembly. There are already
 <A HREF="https://github.com/WebAssembly/spec/tree/master/interpreter">reference interpreters</A>,
 </p>
 <p>
 <B>Skills:</B> See [CU1].
 </p>
+<!--
 <li> <H4>[CU5] Slide-Making in the Web-Age</H4>
 <p>
 The standard technology for writing scientific papers in Computer Science  is to use
 <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">LaTeX</A>, a document preparation
 <li>Anything related to code books, like this
 <A HREF="http://www.joelotter.com/kajero/">one</A>
 </ul>
 <li> <H4>Earlier Projects</H4>
 I am also open to project suggestions from you. You might find some inspiration from my earlier projects:
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-12.html">BSc 2012/13</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-12.html">MSc 2012/13</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-16.html">BSc 2016/17</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-16.html">MSc 2016/17</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-17.html">BSc 2017/18</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-17.html">MSc 2017/18</A>,
 <A HREF="https://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-17.html">BSc 2018/19</A>
+-->
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