progs/nfa.scala
author Christian Urban <urbanc@in.tum.de>
Tue, 25 Apr 2017 12:28:07 +0100
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// NFAs in Scala using partial functions (returning
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// sets of states)
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import scala.util.Try
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// type abbreviation for partial functions
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type :=>[A, B] = PartialFunction[A, B]
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// return an empty set when not defined
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def applyOrElse[A, B](f: A :=> Set[B], x: A) : Set[B] =
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  Try(f(x)) getOrElse Set[B]()
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// NFAs
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case class NFA[A, C](starts: Set[A],            // starting states
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                     delta: (A, C) :=> Set[A],  // transition function
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                     fins:  A => Boolean) {     // final states 
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  // given a state and a character, what is the set of 
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  // next states? if there is none => empty set
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  def next(q: A, c: C) : Set[A] = 
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    applyOrElse(delta, (q, c))
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  def nexts(qs: Set[A], c: C) : Set[A] =
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    qs.flatMap(next(_, c))
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  // given some states and a string, what is the set 
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  // of next states?
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  def deltas(qs: Set[A], s: List[C]) : Set[A] = s match {
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    case Nil => qs
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    case c::cs => deltas(nexts(qs, c), cs)
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  }
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  // is a string accepted by an NFA?
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  def accepts(s: List[C]) : Boolean = 
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    deltas(starts, s).exists(fins)
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}