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\section*{Handout 3 (Buffer Overflow Attacks)}+
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By far the most popular attack method on computers are buffer+
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overflow attacks or variations thereof. The popularity is+
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unfortunate because we now have technology to prevent them+
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effectively. But these kind of attacks are still very relevant+
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even today since there are many legacy systems out there and+
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also many modern embedded systems do not take any precautions+
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to prevent such attacks.+
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To understand how buffer overflow attacks work we have to have+
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a look at how computers work ``under the hood'' (on the+
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machine level) and also understand some aspects of the C/C+++
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programming language. This might not be everyday fare for+
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computer science students, but who said that criminal hackers+
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restrict themselves to everyday fare? Not to mention the+
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free-riding script-kiddies who use this technology without+
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knowing what are the underlying ideas.+
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