26 \item One part of achieving privacy (but not the only one) is

    26 \item One part of achieving privacy (but not the only one) is to

    27       to properly encrypt your conversations on the Internet.

    27   properly encrypt your conversations on the Internet.  But this is

    28       But this is fiercely resisted by some spy agencies.

    28   fiercely resisted by some spy agencies.  These agencies (and some

    29       These agencies (and some politicians for that

    29   politicians for that matter) argue that, for example, ISIL's

    30       matter) argue that, for example, ISIL's recruiters

    30   recruiters broadcast messages on, say, Twitter, and get people to

    31       broadcast messages on, say, Twitter, and get people to

    31   follow them. Then they move potential recruits to Twitter Direct

    32       follow them. Then they move potential recruits to

    32   Messaging to evaluate if they are a legitimate recruit. If yes, they

    33       Twitter Direct Messaging to evaluate if they are a

    33   move them to an encrypted mobile-messaging app. The spy agencies

    34       legitimate recruit. If yes, they move them to an

    34   argue that although they can follow the conversations on Twitter,

    35       encrypted mobile-messaging app. The spy agencies argue

    35   they ``go dark'' on the encrypted message app. To counter this

    36       that although they can follow the conversations on

    36   ``going-dark problem'', the spy agencies push for the implementation

    37       Twitter, they ``go dark'' on the encrypted message

    37   of back-doors in iMessage and Facebook and Skype and everything else

    38       app. To counter this ``going-dark problem'', the spy

    38   UK or US-made, which they can use eavesdrop on conversations without

    39       agencies push for the implementation of back-doors in

    39   the conversants' knowledge or consent.\medskip

    40       iMessage and Facebook and Skype and everything else UK

    41       or US-made, which they can use eavesdrop on

    42       conversations without the conversants' knowledge or

    43       consent.\medskip

    45       What is the fallacy in the spy agencies going-dark

    41       What is the fallacy in the spy agencies going-dark argument?

    46       argument? (Hint: Think what would happen if the spy

    42       (Hint: Think what would happen if the spy agencies and certain

    47       agencies and certain politicians get their wish.)

    43       politicians get their wish.)

    49 \item DNA data is very sensitive and can easily violate the

    45 \item DNA data is very sensitive and can easily violate the privacy of

    50       privacy of (living) people. To get around this, two

    46   (living) people. To get around this, two scientists from Denmark

    51       scientists from Denmark proposed to create a

    47   proposed to create a \emph{necrogenomic database} which would record

    52       \emph{necrogenomic database} which would record the DNA

    48   the DNA data of all Danish citizens and residents at the time of

    53       data of all Danish citizens and residents at the time of

    49   their \emph{death}. By matching these to information about illnesses

    54       their \emph{death}. By matching these to information

    50   and ailments in life, helpful evidence could be gathered about the

    55       about illnesses and ailments in life, helpful evidence

    51   genetic origins of diseases.  The idea is that the privacy of dead

    56       could be gathered about the genetic origins of diseases.

    52   people cannot be violated.

    57       The idea is that the privacy of dead people cannot be

    58       violated.

    61            

    55 

    56 \item A few years ago a Google executive tried to allay worries about

    57   Google pooring over all your emails on Gmail. He said something

    58   along the lines: you are watched by an algorithm; this is like being

    59   naked in front of your dog. What is wrong with this argument?

    60 

    61 \item \POSTSCRIPT