% "ACM Transactions" BibTeX style, acmtrans.bst
% for BibTeX version 0.99c, LaTeX version 3.141
% Revised 28-MARCH-1996
% Revised 30-JUNE-1995
% Revised 15-JAN-1996
% $Header: acmtrans.bst,v 1.2 96/01/17 09:05:38 boyland Exp $
%
% Hacked by John T. Boyland at University of California, Berkeley
% (with assistance by John R. Hauser)
% Hacked by Andrew W. Appel and Rebecca L. Davies at Princeton University,
% based on a "chicago.bst" by Glenn Paulley at U. Waterloo,
% which was based on "newapa.bst" found at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Citation format: [author-last-name year]
% [author-last-name and author-last-name year]
% [author-last-name, author-last-name, and author-last-name year]
% [author-last-name et al. year]
% [author-last-name]
% author-last-name [year]
% [author-last-name and author-last-name]
% [author-last-name et al.]
% [year] or [year,year]
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% These TeX macro definitions are found in acmtrans.sty. Additional
% commands to manipulate different components of a citation can be defined
% so that, for example, you can list author's names without parentheses
% if using a citation as a noun or object in a sentence.
%
% Features of acmtrans.bst:
% ========================
%
% - all authors appear last name first.
% - all pages are listed xx-xx, (no pp.) and are at the end of the reference
% - publishers are identified as publisher, address
% - conferences papers (inproceedings) may give city of conference,
% date of conference, and journal that the proceedings appear in.
% - months abbreviated to max four letters (eg. Mar.)
% - volume of a series indicated after the title of the series
% - editors appear after edited title and are identified by a trailing "Eds."
% not in parentheses. Editor names are not given in small caps.
% (unless there is no author line)
% - names terminated with a period even if there is no first name.
% - editions are indicated trailing after the work, not in parentheses.
% - "et al." citations have a protected period to avoid bad spacing (jrh)
% - "address" required when publisher given
% - series (roman) and volume are in a sentence separate from (book-)title
%
%
% Features of chicago.bst:
% =======================
%
% - full names used in citations, but abbreviated citations are available
% (see above)
% - if an entry has a "month", then the month and year are also printed
% as part of that bibitem.
% - all conjunctions use "and" instead of "\&"
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries.
% - book, inbook, and manual use "location: publisher" (or organization)
% for address and publisher. All other types list publishers separately.
% - "pp." are used to identify page numbers for all entry types except
% articles.
% - organization is used as a citation label if neither author nor editor
% is present (for manuals).
% - "et al." is used for long author and editor lists, or when "others"
% is used.
%
% Modifications and bug fixes from newapa.bst:
% ===========================================
%
% - added month, year to bib entries if month is present
% - fixed bug with In proceedings, added necessary comma after title
% - all conjunctions changed to "and" from "\&"
% - fixed bug with author labels in my.full.label: "et al." now is
% generated when "others" is an author name
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries. Unnecessary (IMHO) "()" around page numbers
% were removed, and page numbers now don't end with a period.
% - created chicago.sty for use with this bibstyle (required).
% - fixed bugs in FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages} for missing volume,
% number, and /or pages. Renamed to format.jour.vol.
% - fixed bug in formatting booktitles: additional period an error if
% book has a volume.
% - fixed bug: editors usually given redundant period before next clause
% (format.editors.dot) removed.
% - added label support for organizations, if both author and editor
% are missing (from alpha.bst). If organization is too long, then
% the key field is used for abbreviated citations.
% - In proceedings or books of several volumes, no comma was written
% between the "Volume x" and the page numbers (this was intentional
% in newapa.bst). Fixed.
% - Some journals may not have volumes/numbers, only month/year (eg.
% IEEE Computer). Fixed bug in article style that assumed volume/number
% was always present.
%
% Original documentation for newapa.sty:
% =====================================
%
% This version was made by modifying the master file made by
% Oren Patashnik (PATASHNIK@SCORE.STANFORD.EDU), and the 'named' BibTeX
% style of Peter F. Patel-Schneider.
%
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than 'newapa.bst'.
% There are undoubtably bugs in this style. If you make bug fixes,
% improvements, etc. please let me know. My e-mail address is:
% spencer@cgrg.ohio.state.edu or 71160.3141@compuserve.com
%
% This style was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
ENTRY
{ address
author
booktitle
chapter
city % jtb: added
date % jtb: added
edition
editor
howpublished
institution
journal
key
month
note
number
organization
pages
publisher
school
series
title
type
volume
year
}
{}
{ label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label }
INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
#1 'mid.sentence :=
#2 'after.sentence :=
#3 'after.block :=
}
STRINGS { s t u }
FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{ ", " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
% Use a colon to separate output. Used only for address/publisher
% combination in book/inbook types, address/institution for manuals,
% and organization:publisher for proceedings (inproceedings).
%
FUNCTION {output.nonnull.colon}
{ 's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{ ": " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.colon}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull.colon
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.check.colon}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull.colon
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.year.check}
{ year empty$
{ "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ write$
" " year * extra.label *
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
write$
newline$
}
FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.block 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ output.state after.block =
'skip$
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.sentence 'output.state := }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {not}
{ { #0 }
{ #1 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {and}
{ 'skip$
{ pop$ #0 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {or}
{ { pop$ #1 }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
'skip$
if$
}
%
% Emphasize the top string on the stack.
%
FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{\em " swap$ * "}" * }
if$
}
%
% Emphasize the top string on the stack, but add a trailing space.
%
FUNCTION {emphasize.space}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{\em " swap$ * "\/}" * }
if$
}
%
% Emphasize the top string on stack, add a trailing comma and space.
%
FUNCTION {emphasize.comma}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{\em " swap$ * ",\/}" * }
if$
}
INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
%
% Format bibliographical entries with the first author last name first,
% and subsequent authors with initials followed by last name.
% All names are formatted in this routine.
%
FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 =
{"{\sc " s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}{, jj}{, f.}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
{"{\sc " s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}{, jj}{, f.}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
if$
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "{\sc others}" =
{ " {\sc et~al\mbox{.}}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " {\sc and} " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {my.full.label}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.names.fml}
%
% Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
% last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
% jtb: The names are NOT put in small caps
%
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ "{" s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "{others}" =
{ " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * }
{ " {and} " * t * }
% { " {\&} " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.authors}
{ author empty$
{ "" }
{ author format.names add.period$} % jtb: add period if none before
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.key}
{ empty$
{ key field.or.null }
{ "" }
if$
}
%
% Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
% inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
% LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
% by last name first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors.fml}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names.fml
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ ", Eds." * } % jtb: removed parentheses
{ ", Ed." * } % jtb: removed parentheses
if$
}
if$
}
%
% Format editor names for use in labels, last names first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ ", Eds." * } % jtb: removed parentheses
{ ", Ed." * } % jtb: removed parentheses
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.title}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ title "t" change.case$ }
if$
}
% Note that the APA style requres case changes
% in article titles. The following does not
% change cases. If you perfer it, uncomment the
% following and comment out the above.
%FUNCTION {format.title}
%{ title empty$
% { "" }
% { title }
% if$
%}
FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
""
{ t empty$ not }
{ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
{ "--" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
{ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
{ "-" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$ *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.btitle}
{ edition empty$
{ title emphasize }
{ title empty$
{ title emphasize } % jtb: what is this supposed to do ?!?
{ "{\em " title * "\/}, " * edition * " ed." * } % jtb: no parens for ed.
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.emphasize.booktitle}
{ edition empty$
{ booktitle emphasize }
{ booktitle empty$
{ booktitle emphasize } % jtb: what is this supposed to do ?!?
{ "{\em " booktitle * "\/}, " * edition * " ed." * } % jtb: no ()s for ed.
if$
}
if$
}
% jtb: if the preceding string (the title of the conference) is non-empty,
% jtb: append the location, otherwise leave empty (so as to trigger the
% jtb: error message in output.check
FUNCTION {format.city}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ }
{ city empty$
{ date empty$
{ }
{ " (" * date * ")" * }
if$
}
{ date empty$
{ " (" * city * ")" * }
{ " (" * city * ", " * date * ")" * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
{ "~" }
{ " " }
if$
swap$ * *
}
FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
'pop$
{ "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
% jtb: If there is a series, this is added and the volume trails after it.
% jtb: Otherwise, "Vol" is Capitalized.
FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
{ "" }
{ series empty$
{ "Vol." volume tie.or.space.connect}
{ series ", " * "vol." volume tie.or.space.connect *}
if$
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
{ number empty$
{ series field.or.null }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ "Number" } % gnp - changed to mixed case always
{ "Number" }
if$
number tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{ "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ " in " * series * }
if$
}
if$
}
{ "" }
if$
}
INTEGERS { multiresult }
FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
#0 'multiresult :=
{ multiresult not
t empty$ not
and
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$
duplicate$ "-" =
swap$ duplicate$ "," =
swap$ "+" =
or or
{ #1 'multiresult := }
{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
if$
}
while$
multiresult
}
FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
{ "" }
{ pages multi.page.check
{ pages n.dashify } % gnp - removed () % jtb: removed pp.
{ pages }
if$
}
if$
}
% By Young (and Spencer)
% GNP - fixed bugs with missing volume, number, and/or pages
%
% Format journal, volume, number, pages for article types.
%
FUNCTION {format.jour.vol}
{ journal empty$
{ "no journal in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ journal emphasize.space }
if$
number empty$
{ volume empty$
{ "no number and no volume in " cite$ * warning$
"" * }
{ "~{\em " * Volume * "}" * }
if$
}
{ volume empty$
{"no volume for " cite$ * warning$
"~" * number * }
{ "~" *
volume emphasize.comma
"~" * number * * }
if$
month empty$
{}
{" (" * month * ")" *}
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
{"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$
"" * } % gnp - place a null string on the stack for output
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ", " * pages n.dashify * } % gnp - removed pp. for articles
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
'format.pages
{ type empty$
{ "Chapter" } % gnp - changed to mixed case
{ type "t" change.case$ }
if$
chapter tie.or.space.connect
pages empty$
{"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$} % gnp - added check
{ ", " * format.pages * }
if$
}
if$
}
% jtb: format for collections or proceedings not appearing in a journal
FUNCTION {format.in.emphasize.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
if$
}
% jtb: format for proceedings appearing in a journal
FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ "In " booktitle * }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ editor empty$
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
% jtb: swapped editor location
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * ", " * format.editors.fml * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
{ type empty$
'skip$
% {pop$
{{ "" }
type "t" change.case$}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
{ type empty$
{ "Tech. Rep." }
'type
if$
number empty$
{ "t" change.case$ }
{ number tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
{ "See"
"\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
editor num.names$ duplicate$
#2 >
{ pop$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ #2 <
'skip$
{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
{ volume empty$
{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
"In "
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
" of " *
}
if$
editor empty$
editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
or
{ key empty$
{ series empty$
{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
crossref * warning$
"" *
}
{ "{\em " * series * "\/}" * }
if$
}
{ key * }
if$
}
{ format.crossref.editor * }
if$
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
{ "See"
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
% format.lab.names:
%
% determines "short" names for the abbreviated author information.
% "Long" labels are created in calc.label, using the routine my.full.label
% to format author and editor fields.
%
% There are 4 cases for labels. (n=3 in the example)
% a) one author Foo
% b) one to n Foo, Bar and Baz
% c) use of "and others" Foo, Bar et al.
% d) more than n Foo et al.
%
FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
{ 's :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
% forcing "et al".
{ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: \mbox{} added
{
numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
#2 'nameptr :=
s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr numnames =
{ s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
{ ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {calc.label}
%
% Changed - GNP. See also author.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
% Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
% for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
% The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
% citation label if author or editor is missing.
%
{ type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.key.label
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.key.organization.label
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.key.organization.label
'author.key.label
if$
}
if$
}
if$
author empty$ % generate the full label citation information.
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ "no author, editor, or organization in " cite$ * warning$
"??" }
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor my.full.label }
if$
}
{ author my.full.label }
if$
% leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
"}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
% year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
%
% save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
%
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$
'label.year :=
}
FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
"\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
calc.label write$
sort.year write$
"}]{" write$
cite$ write$
"}" write$
newline$
""
before.all 'output.state :=
}
FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.jour.vol output
}
{ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors
"author and editor" output.check }
{ format.authors
output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" output.check
address "address" output.check % jtb: require address
}
{ new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
howpublished output
address output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inbook}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors
"author and editor" output.check
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" output.check
address "address" output.check % jtb: require address
format.chapter.pages
"chapter and pages" output.check % jtb: moved from before publisher
}
{ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle
"booktitle" output.check
new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" output.check
address "address" output.check % jtb: require address
format.chapter.pages output % gnp - was special.output.nonnull
% left out comma before page numbers
% jtb: moved from before publisher
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref
output.nonnull
format.chapter.pages output
}
if$
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inproceedings}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ journal missing$ % jtb: proceedings appearing in journals
{ format.in.emphasize.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check
format.editors.fml output
new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.sentence
organization output
publisher "publisher" output.check % jtb: require publisher (?)
address "address" output.check % jtb: require address
format.pages output % jtb: moved from before publisher
}
% jtb: new:
{ format.in.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check
format.editors.fml output
new.sentence
format.jour.vol output
}
if$
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ organization "organization" output.check
organization format.key output } % if all else fails, use key
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull }
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
organization address new.block.checkb
% jtb: back to normal style: organization, address
organization "organization" output.check
address output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
"M.S.\ thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {misc}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
title howpublished new.block.checkb
format.title output
new.block
howpublished output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
format.thesis.type "Ph.D. thesis" output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {proceedings}
{ output.bibitem
editor empty$
{ organization output
organization format.key output } % gnp - changed from author format.key
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
% author format.key output % gnp - removed (should be either
% editor or organization
output.year.check % added (newapa)
new.block
format.btitle format.city "title" output.check % jtb: added city
new.sentence
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.sentence
organization output
% jtb: normal order: publisher, address
publisher output
address output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {techreport}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
format.tr.number output % jtb: moved month ...
institution "institution" output.check
address output
new.sentence
month output % jtb: ... to here (no parens)
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {unpublished}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
note "note" output.check
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
MACRO {mar} {"Mar."} % jtb: corrected: was "March"
MACRO {apr} {"Apr."} % jtb: corrected: was "April"
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}
MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput. Surv."}
MACRO {acmlett} {"ACM Lett. Program. Lang. Syst."}
MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf."}
MACRO {ai} {"Artificial Intelligence"}
MACRO {al} {"Ada Lett."}
MACRO {acr} {"Adv. Comput. Res."}
MACRO {bit} {"Bit"}
MACRO {cacm} {"Commun. ACM"}
MACRO {cj} {"Comput. J."}
MACRO {cn} {"Comput. Netw."}
MACRO {cl} {"Comput. Lang."}
MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM J. Res. and Development"}
MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}
MACRO {ict} {"Inf. Contr."}
MACRO {ieebcs} {"IEE/BCS Softw. Eng. J."}
MACRO {ieees} {"IEEE Softw."}
MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."}
MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans. Comput."}
MACRO {ieeetcad}
{"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}
MACRO {ieeetpds} {"IEEE Trans. Parall. Distrib. Syst."}
MACRO {ieeetit} {"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"}
MACRO {ipl} {"Inf. Process. Lett."}
MACRO {icp} {"Inf. Comput."}
MACRO {ist} {"Inf. Softw. Tech."}
MACRO {ijsa} {"Int. J. Supercomput. Appl."}
MACRO {ijpp} {"Int. J. Parallel Program."}
MACRO {jlp} {"J. Logic Program."}
MACRO {jfp} {"J. Funct. Program."}
MACRO {jcss} {"J. Comput. Syst. Sci."}
MACRO {jsmrp} {"J. Softw. Maint. Res. Pract."}
MACRO {jss} {"J. Syst. Softw."}
MACRO {jlc} {"J. Logic and Comput."}
MACRO {jlsc} {"J. Lisp Symb. Comput."}
MACRO {lpls} {"Lett. Program. Lang. Syst."}
MACRO {mor} {"Math. Oper. Res."}
MACRO {mscs} {"Math. Struct. Comput. Sci."}
MACRO {mst} {"Math. Syst. Theor."} % jtb: was Math. Syst. Theory
% jtb: (if you ask me, I prefer the old way)
MACRO {ngc} {"New Gen. Comput."}
MACRO {scp} {"Sci. Comput. Program."}
MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J. Comput."}
MACRO {spe} {"Softw. Pract. Exper."}
MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."}
MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans. Database Syst."}
MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans. Graphics"}
MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans. Math. Softw."}
MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans. Office Inf. Syst."}
MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst."}
MACRO {tocl} {"ACM Trans. On Comp. Logic"}
MACRO {tcs} {"Theor. Comput. Sci."} % jtb: was Theor. Comp. Sci.
MACRO {tr} {"Tech. Rep."}
READ
FUNCTION {sortify}
{ purify$
"l" change.case$
}
INTEGERS { len }
FUNCTION {chop.word}
{ 's :=
'len :=
s #1 len substring$ =
{ s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
's
if$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
""
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 >
{ " " * }
'skip$
if$
s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ f{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
{ " et~al" * }
{ t sortify * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
{ 't :=
"A " #2
"An " #3
"The " #4 t chop.word
chop.word
chop.word
sortify
#1 global.max$ substring$
}
FUNCTION {author.sort}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
{ author empty$
{ "missing author in " cite$ * warning$
editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
%
% added - GNP. Stack author or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
%
% added - GNP. Stack editor or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {presort}
%
% Presort creates the bibentry's label via a call to calc.label, and then
% sorts the entries based on entry type. Chicago.bst adds support for
% including organizations as the sort key; the following is stolen from
% alpha.bst.
%
{ calc.label sortify % recalculate bibitem label
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
" "
*
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.sort
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.organization.sort
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.organization.sort
'author.sort
if$
}
if$
}
if$
#1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
'sort.label := % added for newapa
sort.label % added for newapa
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {presort}
SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
}
FUNCTION {forward.pass}
%
% Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
% Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
% if two entries are the same (see presort)
%
{ last.label
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
{ last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
}
{ "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
"" 'extra.label :=
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
{ next.extra "b" =
{ "a" 'extra.label := }
'skip$
if$
label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
extra.label 'next.extra :=
}
EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
ITERATE {forward.pass}
REVERSE {reverse.pass}
FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
{ sort.label
" "
*
year field.or.null sortify
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{ preamble$ empty$
'skip$
{ preamble$ write$ newline$ }
if$
"\begin{thebibliography}{}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {begin.bib}
EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
ITERATE {call.type$}
FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
"\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {end.bib}