35 \begin{multicols}{2}

    35 \begin{multicols}{2}

    36 \section*{Background}

    36 \section*{Background}

    37 \noindent

    37 \noindent

    38 Parsing is the act of transforming plain text into some

    38 Parsing is the act of transforming plain text into some

    39 structure that can be analyzed by computers for further processing.

    39 structure that can be analyzed by computers for further processing.

    41 \emph{yacc} and \emph{lex} no new results can be obtained in this area.

    41 \emph{yacc} and \emph{lex} no new results can be obtained in this area.

    42 However recent results and novel approaches make it increasingly clear,

    42 However recent results and novel approaches make it increasingly clear,

    43 that this is not true anymore.

    43 that this is not true anymore.

    44 

    44 

    45 We propose to approach the subject of parsing from a certification point

    45 We propose to approach the subject of parsing from a certification point