312 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
312 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
313 \mode<presentation>{ |
313 \mode<presentation>{ |
314 \begin{frame}[c] |
314 \begin{frame}[c] |
315 \frametitle{\LARGE The Myhill-Nerode Theorem} |
315 \frametitle{\LARGE The Myhill-Nerode Theorem} |
316 |
316 |
317 \mbox{}\\[5cm] |
317 \begin{center} |
318 |
318 \only<1>{% |
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319 \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] |
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320 \draw[very thick] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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321 \end{tikzpicture}}% |
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322 \only<2->{% |
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323 \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] |
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324 \draw[very thick] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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325 \clip[draw] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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326 \draw[step=2mm, very thick] (-1.4,-1.4) grid (1.4,1.4); |
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327 \end{tikzpicture}} |
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328 \end{center} |
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329 |
319 \begin{itemize} |
330 \begin{itemize} |
320 \item \smath{\text{finite}\, (U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_A) \;\Leftrightarrow\; A\; \text{is regular}} |
331 \item \smath{\text{finite}\, (U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_A) \;\Leftrightarrow\; A\; \text{is regular}} |
321 \end{itemize} |
332 \end{itemize} |
322 |
333 |
323 \only<2->{ |
334 \begin{textblock}{5}(2.1,5.3) |
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335 \begin{tikzpicture} |
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336 \node at (0,0) [single arrow, fill=red,text=white, minimum height=2cm] |
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337 {$U\!N\!IV$}; |
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338 \draw (-0.3,-1.1) node {\begin{tabular}{l}set of all\\[-1mm] strings\end{tabular}}; |
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339 \end{tikzpicture} |
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340 \end{textblock} |
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341 |
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342 \only<2->{% |
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343 \begin{textblock}{5}(9.4,7.2) |
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344 \begin{tikzpicture} |
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345 \node at (0,0) [shape border rotate=180,single arrow, fill=red,text=white, minimum height=2cm] |
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346 {@{text "\<lbrakk>x\<rbrakk>"}$_{\approx_{A}}$}; |
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347 \draw (0.9,-1.1) node {\begin{tabular}{l}equivalence class\end{tabular}}; |
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348 \end{tikzpicture} |
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349 \end{textblock}} |
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350 |
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351 \only<3->{ |
324 \begin{textblock}{11.9}(1.7,3) |
352 \begin{textblock}{11.9}(1.7,3) |
325 \begin{block}{} |
353 \begin{block}{} |
326 \begin{minipage}{11.4cm}\raggedright |
354 \begin{minipage}{11.4cm}\raggedright |
327 Two directions:\medskip\\ |
355 Two directions:\medskip\\ |
328 |
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329 \begin{tabular}{@ {}ll} |
356 \begin{tabular}{@ {}ll} |
330 1.)\;finite $\Rightarrow$ regular\\ |
357 1.)\;finite $\Rightarrow$ regular\\ |
331 \;\;\;\smath{\text{finite}\,(U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_A) \Rightarrow \exists r.\;A = {\cal L}(r)}\\[3mm] |
358 \;\;\;\smath{\text{finite}\,(U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_A) \Rightarrow \exists r.\;A = {\cal L}(r)}\\[3mm] |
332 2.)\;regular $\Rightarrow$ finite\\ |
359 2.)\;regular $\Rightarrow$ finite\\ |
333 \;\;\;\smath{\text{finite}\, (U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_{{\cal L}(r)})} |
360 \;\;\;\smath{\text{finite}\, (U\!N\!IV /\!/ \approx_{{\cal L}(r)})} |
345 |
372 |
346 text_raw {* |
373 text_raw {* |
347 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
374 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
348 \mode<presentation>{ |
375 \mode<presentation>{ |
349 \begin{frame}[c] |
376 \begin{frame}[c] |
350 \frametitle{\LARGE Final States} |
377 \frametitle{\LARGE Initial and Final {\sout{\textcolor{gray}{States}}}} |
351 |
378 |
352 \mbox{}\\[3cm] |
379 \begin{textblock}{8}(10, 2) |
353 |
380 \textcolor{black}{Equivalence Classes} |
354 \begin{itemize} |
381 \end{textblock} |
355 \item \smath{\text{final}_A\,X \dn}\\ |
382 |
356 \smath{\hspace{6mm}X \in (U\!N\!IV /\!/\approx_A) \;\wedge\; \forall s \in X.\; s \in A} |
383 |
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384 \begin{center} |
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385 \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] |
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386 \draw[very thick] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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387 \clip[draw] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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388 \draw[step=2mm, very thick] (-1.4,-1.4) grid (1.4,1.4); |
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389 \only<2->{\draw[blue, fill] (0.0, 0.6) rectangle (0.2, 0.8);} |
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390 \only<3->{\draw[red, fill] (0.2, 0.2) rectangle (0.4, 0.4); |
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391 \draw[red, fill] (0.4, 0.8) rectangle (0.6, 1.0); |
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393 \draw[red, fill] (0.8, 0.4) rectangle (1.0, 0.6);} |
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394 \end{tikzpicture} |
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395 \end{center} |
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396 |
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397 \begin{itemize} |
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398 \item \smath{\text{final}_A\,X \dn \{[\!|x|\!]_{\approx_{A}}\;|\;x \in A\}} |
357 \smallskip |
399 \smallskip |
358 \item we can prove: \smath{A = \bigcup \{X.\;\text{final}_A\,X\}} |
400 \item we can prove: \smath{A = \bigcup \{X.\;\text{final}_A\,X\}} |
359 |
401 \end{itemize} |
360 \end{itemize} |
402 |
361 |
403 \only<2->{% |
362 \end{frame}} |
404 \begin{textblock}{5}(2.1,4.6) |
363 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
405 \begin{tikzpicture} |
364 *} |
406 \node at (0,0) [single arrow, fill=blue,text=white, minimum height=2cm] |
365 |
407 {$[] \in X$}; |
366 |
408 \end{tikzpicture} |
367 text_raw {* |
409 \end{textblock}} |
368 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
410 |
369 \mode<presentation>{ |
411 \only<3->{% |
370 \begin{frame}[c] |
412 \begin{textblock}{5}(10,7.4) |
371 \frametitle{\LARGE Transitions between Eq-Classes} |
413 \begin{tikzpicture} |
372 |
414 \node at (0,0) [shape border rotate=180,single arrow, fill=red,text=white, minimum height=2cm] |
373 \smath{L = \{[c]\}} |
415 {a final}; |
374 |
416 \end{tikzpicture} |
375 \begin{tabular}{@ {\hspace{-7mm}}cc} |
417 \end{textblock}} |
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418 |
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419 \end{frame}} |
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420 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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421 *} |
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422 |
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423 |
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424 text_raw {* |
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425 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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426 \mode<presentation>{ |
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427 \begin{frame}<-1>[c] |
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428 \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{@ {}l}\LARGE% |
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429 Transitions between Eq-Classes\end{tabular}} |
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430 |
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431 \begin{center} |
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432 \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] |
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433 \draw[very thick] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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434 \clip[draw] (0.5,0.5) circle (.6cm); |
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435 \draw[step=2mm, very thick] (-1.4,-1.4) grid (1.4,1.4); |
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439 \draw[white] (0.9,0.5) node {$Y$}; |
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440 \end{tikzpicture} |
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441 \end{center} |
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442 |
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443 \begin{center} |
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444 \smath{X \stackrel{c}{\longrightarrow} Y \;\dn\; X ; c \subseteq Y} |
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445 \end{center} |
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446 |
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447 \onslide<8>{ |
376 \begin{tabular}{c} |
448 \begin{tabular}{c} |
377 \begin{tikzpicture}[shorten >=1pt,node distance=2cm,auto, ultra thick] |
449 \begin{tikzpicture}[shorten >=1pt,node distance=2cm,auto, ultra thick] |
378 \tikzstyle{state}=[circle,thick,draw=blue!75,fill=blue!20,minimum size=0mm] |
450 \tikzstyle{state}=[circle,thick,draw=blue!75,fill=blue!20,minimum size=0mm] |
379 |
451 \node[state,initial] (q_0) {$R_1$}; |
380 %\draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (3,2); |
452 \end{tikzpicture} |
381 |
453 \end{tabular}} |
382 \node[state,initial] (q_0) {$R_1$}; |
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383 \node[state,accepting] (q_1) [above right of=q_0] {$R_2$}; |
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384 \node[state] (q_2) [below right of=q_0] {$R_3$}; |
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385 |
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386 \path[->] (q_0) edge node {c} (q_1) |
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387 edge node [swap] {$\Sigma-{c}$} (q_2) |
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388 (q_2) edge [loop below] node {$\Sigma$} () |
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389 (q_1) edge node {$\Sigma$} (q_2); |
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390 \end{tikzpicture} |
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391 \end{tabular} |
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392 & |
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393 \begin{tabular}[t]{ll} |
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394 \\[-20mm] |
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395 \multicolumn{2}{l}{\smath{U\!N\!IV /\!/\approx_L} produces}\\[4mm] |
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396 |
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397 \smath{R_1}: & \smath{\{[]\}}\\ |
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398 \smath{R_2}: & \smath{\{[c]\}}\\ |
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399 \smath{R_3}: & \smath{U\!N\!IV - \{[], [c]\}}\\[6mm] |
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400 \multicolumn{2}{l}{\onslide<2->{\smath{X \stackrel{c}{\longrightarrow} Y \dn X ; [c] \subseteq Y}}} |
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401 \end{tabular} |
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402 |
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403 \end{tabular} |
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404 |
454 |
405 \end{frame}} |
455 \end{frame}} |
406 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
456 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
407 *} |
457 *} |
408 |
458 |