author | Christian Urban <christian.urban@kcl.ac.uk> |
Mon, 13 Sep 2021 12:14:28 +0100 | |
changeset 613 | 52af9da48885 |
parent 465 | 4dac76eb27d9 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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1 |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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3 |
<HEAD> |
461 | 4 |
<TITLE>2016/17 MSc Projects</TITLE> |
465 | 5 |
<BASE HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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6 |
<script type="text/javascript" src="striper.js"></script> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
7 |
<link rel="stylesheet" href="nominal.css"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
8 |
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
9 |
</script> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
10 |
</HEAD> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
11 |
<BODY TEXT="#000000" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
12 |
BGCOLOR="#4169E1" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
13 |
LINK="#0000EF" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
14 |
VLINK="#51188E" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
15 |
ALINK="#FF0000" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
16 |
ONLOAD="striper('ul','striped','li','first,second')"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
17 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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18 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
19 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
20 |
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
21 |
BGCOLOR="#4169E1" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
22 |
BORDER="0" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
23 |
FRAME="border" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
24 |
CELLPADDING="10" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
25 |
CELLSPACING="2" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
26 |
RULES="all"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
27 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
28 |
<TR> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
29 |
<TD BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
30 |
WIDTH="75%" |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
31 |
VALIGN="TOP"> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
32 |
|
461 | 33 |
<H2>2016/17 MSc Projects</H2> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
34 |
<H4>Supervisor: Christian Urban</H4> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
35 |
<H4>Email: christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk, Office: Strand Building S1.27</H4> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
36 |
<H4>If you are interested in a project, please send me an email and we can discuss details. Please include |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
37 |
a short description about your programming skills and Computer Science background in your first email. |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
38 |
Thanks.</H4> |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
39 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
40 |
<H4>Note that besides being a lecturer at the theoretical end of Computer Science, I am also a passionate |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
41 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_(programmer_subculture)">hacker</A> … |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
42 |
defined as “a person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
43 |
stretching their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
44 |
necessary.” I am always happy to supervise like-minded students. |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
45 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
46 |
<p>In 2013/14, I was nominated by the students |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
47 |
for the best BSc project supervisor and best MSc project supervisor awards in the NMS |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
48 |
faculty. Somehow I won both. In 2014/15 I was nominated again for the best MSc |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
49 |
project suporvisor, but did not win it. ;o)</H4> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
50 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
51 |
<ul class="striped"> |
461 | 52 |
<li> <H4>[CU1] Regular Expressions, Lexing and Derivatives</H4> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
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|
53 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
54 |
<p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
55 |
<B>Description:</b> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
56 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression">Regular expressions</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
57 |
are extremely useful for many text-processing tasks, such as finding patterns in texts, |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
58 |
lexing programs, syntax highlighting and so on. Given that regular expressions were |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
59 |
introduced in 1950 by <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Cole_Kleene">Stephen Kleene</A>, |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
60 |
you might think regular expressions have since been studied and implemented to death. But you would definitely be |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
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|
61 |
mistaken: in fact they are still an active research area. On the top of my head, I can give |
458
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
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|
62 |
you at least ten research papers that appeared in the last few years. |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
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|
63 |
For example |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
64 |
<A HREF="http://www.home.hs-karlsruhe.de/~suma0002/publications/regex-parsing-derivatives.pdf">this paper</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
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|
65 |
about regular expression matching and derivatives was presented at the international |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
66 |
FLOPS'14 conference. The task in this project is to implement their results and use them for lexing.</p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
67 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
68 |
<p>The background for this project is that some regular expressions are |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
69 |
“<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReDoS#Examples">evil</A>” |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
70 |
and can “stab you in the back” according to |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
71 |
this <A HREF="http://peterscott.github.io/2013/01/17/regular-expressions-will-stab-you-in-the-back/">blog post</A>. |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
72 |
For example, if you use in <A HREF="http://www.python.org">Python</A> or |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
73 |
in <A HREF="http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/">Ruby</A> (or also in a number of other mainstream programming languages) the |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
74 |
innocently looking regular expression <code>a?{28}a{28}</code> and match it, say, against the string |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
75 |
<code>aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa</code> (that is 28 <code>a</code>s), you will soon notice that your CPU usage goes to 100%. In fact, |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
76 |
Python and Ruby need approximately 30 seconds of hard work for matching this string. You can try it for yourself: |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
changeset
|
77 |
<A HREF="http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/urbanc/cgi-bin/repos.cgi/afl-material/raw-file/tip/progs/catastrophic.py">catastrophic.py</A> (Python version) and |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
78 |
<A HREF="http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/urbanc/cgi-bin/repos.cgi/afl-material/raw-file/tip/progs/catastrophic.rb">catastrophic.rb</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
79 |
(Ruby version). Here is a similar problem in Java: <A HREF="http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/urbanc/cgi-bin/repos.cgi/afl-material/raw-file/tip/progs/catastrophic.rb">catastrophic.java</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
80 |
</p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
changeset
|
81 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
changeset
|
82 |
<p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
83 |
You can imagine an attacker |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
84 |
mounting a nice <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack">DoS attack</A> against |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
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|
85 |
your program if it contains such an “evil” regular expression. But it can also happen by accident: |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
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|
86 |
on 20 July 2016 the website <A HREF="http://stackstatus.net/post/147710624694/outage-postmortem-july-20-2016">Stack Exchange</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
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|
87 |
was knocked offline because of an evil regular expression. One of their engineers talks about it in this |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
88 |
<A HREF="https://vimeo.com/112065252">video</A>. A similar problem needed to be fixed in the |
3feaf8bc3e48
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
89 |
<A HREF="http://davidvgalbraith.com/how-i-fixed-atom/">Atom</A> editor. |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
90 |
A few implementations of regular expression matchers are almost immune from such problems. |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
91 |
For example, <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A> can deal with strings of up to 4,300 <code>a</code>s in less than a second. But if you scale |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
92 |
the regular expression and string further to, say, 4,600 <code>a</code>s, then you get a <code>StackOverflowError</code> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
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|
93 |
potentially crashing your program. Moreover (beside the "minor" problem of being painfully slow) according to this |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
94 |
<A HREF="http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Regex_Posix">report</A> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
95 |
nearly all regular expression matchers using the POSIX rules are actually buggy. |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
96 |
</p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
97 |
|
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
98 |
<p> |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
99 |
On a rainy afternoon, I implemented |
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
100 |
<A HREF="http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/urbanc/cgi-bin/repos.cgi/afl-material/raw-file/tip/progs/re3.scala">this</A> |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
101 |
regular expression matcher in Scala. It is not as fast as the official one in Scala, but |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
102 |
it can match up to 11,000 <code>a</code>s in less than 5 seconds without raising any exception |
9eea20ad0caf
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
103 |
(remember Python and Ruby both need nearly 30 seconds to process 28(!) <code>a</code>s, and Scala's |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
104 |
official matcher maxes out at 4,600 <code>a</code>s). My matcher is approximately |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
105 |
85 lines of code and based on the concept of |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
106 |
<A HREF="http://lambda-the-ultimate.org/node/2293">derivatives of regular expressions</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
107 |
These derivatives were introduced in 1964 by <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janusz_Brzozowski_(computer_scientist)"> |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
108 |
Janusz Brzozowski</A>, but according to this |
457
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
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|
109 |
<A HREF="https://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/people/staff/sao/documents/jfp09.pdf">paper</A> had been lost in the “sands of time”. |
456
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Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
110 |
The advantage of derivatives is that they side-step completely the usual |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
111 |
<A HREF="http://hackingoff.com/compilers/regular-expression-to-nfa-dfa">translations</A> of regular expressions |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
112 |
into NFAs or DFAs, which can introduce the exponential behaviour exhibited by the regular |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
113 |
expression matchers in Python and Ruby. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
114 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
115 |
|
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
116 |
<p> |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
117 |
Now the authors from the |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
118 |
<A HREF="http://www.home.hs-karlsruhe.de/~suma0002/publications/regex-parsing-derivatives.pdf">FLOPS'14-paper</A> mentioned |
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updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
119 |
above claim they are even faster than me and can deal with even more features of regular expressions |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
120 |
(for example subexpression matching, which my rainy-afternoon matcher cannot). I am sure they thought |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
121 |
about the problem much longer than a single afternoon. The task |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
122 |
in this project is to find out how good they actually are by implementing the results from their paper. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
123 |
Their approach to regular expression matching is also based on the concept of derivatives. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
124 |
I used derivatives very successfully once for something completely different in a |
465 | 125 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/Publications/rexp.pdf">paper</A> |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
126 |
about the <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myhill–Nerode_theorem">Myhill-Nerode theorem</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
127 |
So I know they are worth their money. Still, it would be interesting to actually compare their results |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
128 |
with my simple rainy-afternoon matcher and potentially “blow away” the regular expression matchers |
458
0647d8161a84
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
changeset
|
129 |
in Python, Ruby and Java (and possibly in Scala too). The application would be to implement a fast lexer for |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
130 |
programming languages. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
131 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
132 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
133 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
134 |
<B>Literature:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
135 |
The place to start with this project is obviously this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
136 |
<A HREF="http://www.home.hs-karlsruhe.de/~suma0002/publications/regex-parsing-derivatives.pdf">paper</A> |
465 | 137 |
and this <A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/Publications/posix.pdf">one</A>. |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
138 |
Traditional methods for regular expression matching are explained |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
139 |
in the Wikipedia articles |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
140 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFA_minimization">here</A> and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
141 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powerset_construction">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
142 |
The authoritative <A HREF="http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/ialc.html">book</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
143 |
on automata and regular expressions is by John Hopcroft and Jeffrey Ullmann (available in the library). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
144 |
There is also an online course about this topic by Ullman at |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
145 |
<A HREF="https://www.coursera.org/course/automata">Coursera</A>, though IMHO not |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
146 |
done with love. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
147 |
Finally, there are millions of other pointers about regular expression |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
148 |
matching on the Web. I found the chapter on Lexing in this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
149 |
<A HREF="http://www.diku.dk/~torbenm/Basics/">online book</A> very helpful. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
150 |
Test cases for “<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ReDoS#Examples">evil</A>” |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
151 |
regular expressions can be obtained from <A HREF="http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Regex_Posix">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
152 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
153 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
154 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
155 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
458
0647d8161a84
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
changeset
|
156 |
This is a project for a student with an interest in theory and with |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
157 |
good programming skills. The project can be easily implemented |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
158 |
in functional languages like |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
159 |
<A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
160 |
<A HREF="http://fsharp.org">F#</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
161 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_ML">ML</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
162 |
<A HREF="http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Haskell">Haskell</A>, etc. Python and other non-functional languages |
457
3feaf8bc3e48
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
changeset
|
163 |
can be also used, but seem much less convenient. If you attend my Compilers and Formal Languages |
3feaf8bc3e48
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
456
diff
changeset
|
164 |
module, that would obviously give you a head-start with this project. |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
165 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
166 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
167 |
<li> <H4>[CU2] A Compiler for a small Programming Language</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
168 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
169 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
170 |
<b>Description:</b> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
171 |
Compilers translate high-level programs that humans can read and write into |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
172 |
efficient machine code that can be run on a CPU or virtual machine. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
173 |
A compiler for a simple functional language generating X86 code is described |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
174 |
<A HREF="https://github.com/chameco/Shade">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
175 |
I recently implemented a very simple compiler for an even simpler functional |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
176 |
programming language following this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
177 |
<A HREF="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/tal-toplas.pdf">paper</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
178 |
(also described <A HREF="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~dpw/papers/tal-tr.pdf">here</A>). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
179 |
My code, written in <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>, of this compiler is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
180 |
<A HREF="http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/staff/urbanc/compiler.scala">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
181 |
The compiler can deal with simple programs involving natural numbers, such |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
182 |
as Fibonacci numbers or factorial (but it can be easily extended - that is not the point). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
183 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
184 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
185 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
186 |
While the hard work has been done (understanding the two papers above), |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
187 |
my compiler only produces some idealised machine code. For example I |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
188 |
assume there are infinitely many registers. The goal of this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
189 |
project is to generate machine code that is more realistic and can |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
190 |
run on a CPU, like X86, or run on a virtual machine, say the JVM. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
191 |
This gives probably a speedup of thousand times in comparison to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
192 |
my naive machine code and virtual machine. The project |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
193 |
requires to dig into the literature about real CPUs and generating |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
194 |
real machine code. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
195 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
196 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
197 |
An alternative is to not generate machine code, but build a compiler that compiles to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
198 |
<A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">JavaScript</A>. This is the language that is supported by most |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
199 |
browsers and therefore is a favourite |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
200 |
vehicle for Web-programming. Some call it <B>the</B> scripting language of the Web. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
201 |
Unfortunately, JavaScript is also probably one of the worst |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
202 |
languages to program in (being designed and released in a hurry). <B>But</B> it can be used as a convenient target |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
203 |
for translating programs from other languages. In particular there are two |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
204 |
very optimised subsets of JavaScript that can be used for this purpose: |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
205 |
one is <A HREF="http://asmjs.org">asm.js</A> and the other is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
206 |
<A HREF="https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki">emscripten</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
207 |
There is a <A HREF="http://kripken.github.io/emscripten-site/docs/getting_started/Tutorial.html">tutorial</A> for emscripten |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
208 |
and an impressive <A HREF="https://youtu.be/c2uNDlP4RiE">demo</A> which runs the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
209 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unreal_Engine">Unreal Engine 3</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
210 |
in a browser with spectacular speed. This was achieved by compiling the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
211 |
C-code of the Unreal Engine to the LLVM intermediate language and then translating the LLVM |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
212 |
code to JavaScript. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
213 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
214 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
215 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
216 |
<B>Literature:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
217 |
There is a lot of literature about compilers |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
218 |
(for example <A HREF="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~appel/papers/cwc.html">this book</A> - |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
219 |
I can lend you my copy for the duration of the project, or this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
220 |
<A HREF="http://www.diku.dk/~torbenm/Basics/">online book</A>). A very good overview article |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
221 |
about implementing compilers by |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
222 |
<A HREF="http://tratt.net/laurie/">Laurie Tratt</A> is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
223 |
<A HREF="http://tratt.net/laurie/tech_articles/articles/how_difficult_is_it_to_write_a_compiler">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
224 |
An online book about the Art of Assembly Language is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
225 |
<A HREF="http://flint.cs.yale.edu/cs422/doc/art-of-asm/pdf/">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
226 |
An introduction into x86 machine code is <A HREF="http://ianseyler.github.com/easy_x86-64/">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
227 |
Intel's official manual for the x86 instruction is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
228 |
<A HREF="http://download.intel.com/design/intarch/manuals/24319101.pdf">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
229 |
Two assemblers for the JVM are described <A HREF="http://jasmin.sourceforge.net">here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
230 |
<A HREF="https://github.com/Storyyeller/Krakatau">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
231 |
An interesting twist of this project is to not generate code for a CPU, but |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
232 |
for the intermediate language of the <A HREF="http://llvm.org">LLVM</A> compiler |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
233 |
(also described <A HREF="http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html">here</A>). If you want to see |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
234 |
what machine code looks like you can compile your C-program using gcc -S. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
235 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
236 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
237 |
If JavaScript is chosen as a target instead, then there are plenty of <A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">tutorials</A> on the Web. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
238 |
<A HREF="http://jsbooks.revolunet.com">Here</A> is a list of free books on JavaScript. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
239 |
A project from which you can draw inspiration is this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
240 |
<A HREF="http://jlongster.com/Outlet--My-Lisp-to-Javascript-Experiment">Lisp-to-JavaScript</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
241 |
translator. <A HREF="https://bitbucket.org/ktg/parenjs/overview">Here</A> is another such project. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
242 |
And <A HREF="https://github.com/viclib/liscript">another</A> in less than 100 lines of code. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
243 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoffeeScript">Coffeescript</A> is a similar project |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
244 |
except that it is already quite <A HREF="http://coffeescript.org">mature</A>. And finally not to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
245 |
forget <A HREF="http://www.typescriptlang.org">TypeScript</A> developed by Microsoft. The main |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
246 |
difference between these projects and this one is that they translate into relatively high-level |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
247 |
JavaScript code; none of them use the much lower levels <A HREF="http://asmjs.org">asm.js</A> and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
248 |
<A HREF="https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki">emscripten</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
249 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
250 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
251 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
252 |
This is a project for a student with a deep interest in programming languages and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
253 |
compilers. Since my compiler is implemented in <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
254 |
it would make sense to continue this project in this language. I can be |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
255 |
of help with questions and books about <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
256 |
But if Scala is a problem, my code can also be translated quickly into any other functional |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
257 |
language. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
258 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
259 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
260 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
261 |
<B>PS:</B> Compiler projects consistently received high marks in the past. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
262 |
I have suprvised five so far and none of them received a mark below 70% - one even was awarded a prize. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
263 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
264 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
265 |
<li> <H4>[CU3] Slide-Making in the Web-Age</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
266 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
267 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
268 |
The standard technology for writing scientific papers in Computer Science is to use |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
269 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">LaTeX</A>, a document preparation |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
270 |
system originally implemented by <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Knuth">Donald Knuth</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
271 |
and <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Lamport">Leslie Lamport</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
272 |
LaTeX produces very pleasantly looking documents, can deal nicely with mathematical |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
273 |
formulas and is very flexible. If you are interested, <A HREF="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Word_vs._LaTeX">here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
274 |
is a side-by-side comparison between Word and LaTeX (which LaTeX “wins” with 18 out of 21 points). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
275 |
Computer scientists not only use LaTeX for documents, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
276 |
but also for slides (really, nobody who wants to be cool uses Keynote or Powerpoint). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
277 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
278 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
279 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
280 |
Although used widely, LaTeX seems nowadays a bit dated for producing |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
281 |
slides. Unlike documents, which are typically “static” and published in a book or journal, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
282 |
slides often contain changing contents that might first only be partially visible and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
283 |
only later be revealed as the “story” of a talk or lecture demands. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
284 |
Also slides often contain animated algorithms where each state in the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
285 |
calculation is best explained by highlighting the changing data. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
286 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
287 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
288 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
289 |
It seems HTML and JavaScript are much better suited for generating |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
290 |
such animated slides. This <A HREF="http://www.impressivewebs.com/html-slidedeck-toolkits/">page</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
291 |
links to slide-generating programs using this combination of technologies. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
292 |
However, the problem with all of these project is that they depend heavily on the users being |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
293 |
able to write JavaScript, CCS or HTML...not something one would like to depend on given that |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
294 |
“normal” users likely only have a LaTeX background. The aim of this project is to invent a |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
295 |
very simple language that is inspired by LaTeX and then generate from code written in this language |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
296 |
slides that can be displayed in a web-browser. An example would be the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
297 |
<A HREF="https://www.madoko.net">Madoko</A> project. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
298 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
299 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
300 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
301 |
This sounds complicated, but there is already some help available: |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
302 |
<A HREF="http://www.mathjax.org">Mathjax</A> is a JavaScript library that can |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
303 |
be used to display mathematical text, for example |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
304 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
305 |
<blockquote> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
306 |
<p>When \(a \ne 0\), there are two solutions to \(ax^2 + bx + c = 0\) and they are |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
307 |
\(x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}\).</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
308 |
</blockquote> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
309 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
310 |
by writing code in the familiar LaTeX-way. This can be reused. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
311 |
Another such library is <A HREF="http://khan.github.io/KaTeX/">KaTeX</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
312 |
There are also plenty of JavaScript |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
313 |
libraries for graphical animations (for example |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
314 |
<A HREF="http://raphaeljs.com">Raphael</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
315 |
<A HREF="http://svgjs.com">SVG.JS</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
316 |
<A HREF="http://bonsaijs.org">Bonsaijs</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
317 |
<A HREF="http://jsxgraph.uni-bayreuth.de/wp/">JSXGraph</A>). The inspiration for how the user should be able to write |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
318 |
slides could come from the LaTeX packages <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beamer_(LaTeX)">Beamer</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
319 |
and <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGF/TikZ">PGF/TikZ</A>. A slide-making project from which |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
320 |
inspiration can be drawn is <A HREF="http://maciejczyzewski.me/hyhyhy/">hyhyhy</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
321 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
322 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
323 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
324 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
325 |
This is a project that requires good knowledge of JavaScript. You need to be able to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
326 |
parse a language and translate it to a suitable part of JavaScript using |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
327 |
appropriate libraries. Tutorials for JavaScript are <A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/js/">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
328 |
A parser generator for JavaScript is <A HREF="http://pegjs.majda.cz">here</A>. There are probably also |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
329 |
others. If you want to avoid JavaScript there are a number of alternatives: for example the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
330 |
<A HREF="http://elm-lang.org">Elm</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
331 |
language has been especially designed for implementing with ease interactive animations, which would be |
458
0647d8161a84
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
changeset
|
332 |
very convenient for this project. A nice slide making project done by a previous student is |
0647d8161a84
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
457
diff
changeset
|
333 |
<A HREF=" http://www.markslides.org/src/markslides.html">MarkSlides</A> by Oleksandr Cherednychenko. |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
334 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
335 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
336 |
<li> <H4>[CU4] An Online Student Voting System</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
337 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
338 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
339 |
<B>Description:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
340 |
One of the more annoying aspects of giving a lecture is to ask a question |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
341 |
to the students and no matter how easy the question is to not |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
342 |
receive any answer. The online course system |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
343 |
<A HREF="http://www.udacity.com">Udacity</A>, in contrast, made an art out of |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
344 |
asking questions during lectures (see for example the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
345 |
<A HREF="http://www.udacity.com/overview/Course/cs253/CourseRev/apr2012">Web Application Engineering</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
346 |
course CS253). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
347 |
The lecturer there gives multiple-choice questions as part of the lecture and the students need to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
348 |
click on the appropriate answer. This works very well in the online world. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
349 |
For “real-world” lectures, the department has some |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
350 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audience_response">clickers</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
351 |
(these are little devices which form a part of an audience response systems). However, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
352 |
they are a logistic nightmare for the lecturer: they need to be distributed |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
353 |
during the lecture and collected at the end. Nowadays, where students |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
354 |
come with their own laptop or smartphone to lectures, this can |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
355 |
be improved. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
356 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
357 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
358 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
359 |
The task of this project is to implement an online student |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
360 |
polling system. The lecturer should be able to prepare |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
361 |
questions beforehand (encoded as some web-form) and be able to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
362 |
show them during the lecture. The students |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
363 |
can give their answers by clicking on the corresponding webpage. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
364 |
The lecturer can then collect the responses online and evaluate them |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
365 |
immediately. Such a system is sometimes called |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
366 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audience_response#Smartphone_.2F_HTTP_voting">HTML voting</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
367 |
There are a number of commercial |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
368 |
solutions for this problem, but they are not easy to use (in addition |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
369 |
to being ridiculously expensive). A good student can easily improve upon |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
370 |
what they provide. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
371 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
372 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
373 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
374 |
The problem of student polling is not as hard as |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
375 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_voting">electronic voting</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
376 |
which essentially is still an unsolved problem in Computer Science. The |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
377 |
students only need to be prevented from answering question more than once thus skewing |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
378 |
any statistics. Unlike electronic voting, no audit trail needs to be kept |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
379 |
for student polling. Restricting the number of answers can probably be solved |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
380 |
by setting appropriate cookies on the students |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
381 |
computers or smart phones. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
382 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
383 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
384 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
385 |
<B>Literature:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
386 |
The project requires fluency in a web-programming language (for example |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
387 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript">JavaScript</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
388 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_(programming_language)">Go</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
389 |
<A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A>). However JavaScript with |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
390 |
the <A HREF="http://nodejs.org">Node.js</A> extension seems to be best suited for the job. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
391 |
<A HREF="http://www.nodebeginner.org">Here</A> is a tutorial on Node.js for beginners. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
392 |
For web-programming the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
393 |
<A HREF="http://www.udacity.com/overview/Course/cs253/CourseRev/apr2012">Web Application Engineering</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
394 |
course at <A HREF="http://www.udacity.com">Udacity</A> is a good starting point |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
395 |
to be aware of the issues involved. This course uses <A HREF="http://www.python.org">Python</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
396 |
To evaluate the answers from the students, Google's |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
397 |
<A HREF="https://developers.google.com/chart/image/docs/making_charts">Chart Tools</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
398 |
might be useful, which is also described in this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
399 |
<A HREF="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZtgT4jgnE8">youtube</A> video. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
400 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
401 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
402 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
403 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
404 |
In order to provide convenience for the lecturer, this project needs very good web-programming skills. A |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
405 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_(programmer_subculture)">hacker mentality</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
406 |
(see above) is probably also very beneficial: web-programming is an area that only emerged recently and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
407 |
many tools still lack maturity. You probably have to experiment a lot with several different |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
408 |
languages and tools. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
409 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
410 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
411 |
<li> <H4>[CU5] Raspberry Pi's and Arduinos</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
412 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
413 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
414 |
<B>Description:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
415 |
This project is for true hackers! <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi">Raspberry Pi's</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
416 |
are small Linux computers the size of a credit-card and only cost £26 (see picture on the left below). They were introduced |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
417 |
in 2012 and people went crazy...well some of them. There is a |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
418 |
<A HREF="https://plus.google.com/communities/113390432655174294208?hl=en">Google+</A> community about Raspberry Pi's that has more |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
419 |
than 197k of followers. It is hard to keep up with what people do with these small computers. The possibilities |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
420 |
seem to be limitless. The main resource for Raspberry Pi's is <A HREF="http://www.raspberrypi.org">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
421 |
There are <A HREF="https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/">magazines</A> dedicated to them and tons of |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
422 |
<A HREF="http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewforum.php?f=39">books</A> (not to mention |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
423 |
floods of <A HREF="https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=raspberry+pi">online</A> material, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
424 |
such as the <A HREF="https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi-issues/Projects_Book_v1.pdf">RPi projects book</A>). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
425 |
Google just released a |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
426 |
<A HREF="http://googlecreativelab.github.io/coder/">framework</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
427 |
for web-programming on Raspberry Pi's truning them into webservers. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
428 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
429 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
430 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
431 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino">Arduinos</A> are slightly older (from 2005) but still very cool (see picture on the right below). They |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
432 |
are small single-board micro-controllers that can talk to various external gadgets (sensors, motors, etc). Since Arduinos |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
433 |
are open-software and open-hardware there are many clones and add-on boards. Like for the Raspberry Pi, there |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
434 |
is a lot of material <A HREF="https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=arduino">available</A> about Arduinos. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
435 |
The main reference is <A HREF="http://www.arduino.cc">here</A>. Like the Raspberry Pi's, the good thing about |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
436 |
Arduinos is that they can be powered with simple AA-batteries. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
437 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
438 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
439 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
440 |
I have two such Raspberry Pi's including wifi-connectors and two <A HREF="http://www.raspberrypi.org/camera">cameras<A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
441 |
I also have two <A HREF="http://www.freaklabs.org/index.php/Blog/Store/Introducing-the-Freakduino-Chibi-An-Arduino-based-Board-For-Wireless-Sensor-Networking.html">Freakduino Boards</A> that are Arduinos extended with wireless communication. I can lend them to responsible |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
442 |
students for one or two projects. However, the aim is to first come up with an idea for a project. Popular projects are |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
443 |
automated temperature sensors, network servers, robots, web-cams (<A HREF="http://www.secretbatcave.co.uk/electronics/shard-rain-cam/">here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
444 |
is a <A HREF="http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/3547">web-cam</A> directed at the Shard that can |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
445 |
<A HREF="http://www.secretbatcave.co.uk/software/shard-rain-cam-quantifying-cloudy/">tell</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
446 |
you whether it is raining or cloudy). There are plenty more ideas listed |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
447 |
<A HREF="http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewforum.php?f=15">here</A> for Raspberry Pi's and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
448 |
<A HREF="http://playground.arduino.cc/projects/ideas">here</A> for Arduinos. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
449 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
450 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
451 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
452 |
There are essentially two kinds of projects: One is purely software-based. Software projects for Raspberry Pi's are often |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
453 |
written in <A HREF="http://www.python.org">Python</A>, but since these are Linux-capable computers any other |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
454 |
language would do as well. You can also write your own operating system as done |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
455 |
<A HREF="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/projects/raspberrypi/tutorials/os/">here</A>. For example the students |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
456 |
<A HREF="http://www.recantha.co.uk/blog/?p=4918">here</A> developed their own bare-metal OS and then implemented |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
457 |
a chess-program on top of it (have a look at their very impressive |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
458 |
<A HREF="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-03bouPsfEQ&feature=player_embedded">youtube</A> video). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
459 |
The other kind of project is a combination of hardware and software; usually attaching some sensors |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
460 |
or motors to the Raspberry Pi or Arduino. This might require some soldering or what is called |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
461 |
a <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadboard">bread-board</A>. But be careful before choosing a project |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
462 |
involving new hardware: these devices |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
463 |
can be destroyed (if “Vin connected to GND” or “drawing more than 30mA from a GPIO” |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
464 |
does not make sense to you, you should probably stay away from such a project). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
465 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
466 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
467 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
468 |
<center> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
469 |
<img style="-webkit-user-select: none; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
470 |
"src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/RaspberryPi.jpg" width="313" height="209"> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
471 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
472 |
<img style="-webkit-user-select: none; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
473 |
"src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Arduino_Uno_-_R3.jpg" width="240" height="209"> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
474 |
</center> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
475 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
476 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
477 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
478 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
479 |
Well, you must be a hacker; happy to make things. Your desk might look like the photo below on the left. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
480 |
The photo below on the righ shows an earlier student project which connects wirelessly a wearable Arduino (packaged |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
481 |
in a "self-3d-printed" watch) to a Raspberry Pi seen in the background. The Arduino in the forground takes meaurements of |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
482 |
heart rate and body temperature; the Raspberry Pi collects this data and makes it accessible via a simple |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
483 |
web-service. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
484 |
<center> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
485 |
<img style="-webkit-user-select: none; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; |
465 | 486 |
"src="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/rpi-photo.jpg" width="209" height="313"> |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
487 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
488 |
<img style="-webkit-user-select: none; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in; |
465 | 489 |
"src="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/rpi-watch.jpg" width="450" height="254"> |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
490 |
</center> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
491 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
492 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
493 |
<li> <H4>[CU6] An Infrastructure for Displaying and Animating Code in a Web-Browser</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
494 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
495 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
496 |
<B>Description:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
497 |
The project aim is to implement an infrastructure for displaying and |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
498 |
animating code in a web-browser. The infrastructure should be agnostic |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
499 |
with respect to the programming language, but should be configurable. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
500 |
I envisage something smaller than the projects |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
501 |
<A HREF="http://www.pythontutor.com">here</A> (for Python), |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
502 |
<A HREF="http://ideone.com">here</A> (for Java), |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
503 |
<A HREF="http://codepad.org">here</A> (for multiple languages), |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
504 |
<A HREF="http://www.w3schools.com/html/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_intro">here</A> (for HTML) |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
505 |
<A HREF="http://repl.it/languages/JavaScript">here</A> (for JavaScript), |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
506 |
and <A HREF="http://www.scala-tour.com/#/welcome">here</A> (for Scala). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
507 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
508 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
509 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
510 |
The tasks in this project are being able (1) to lex and parse languages and (2) to write an interpreter. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
511 |
The goal is to implement this as much as possible in a language-agnostic fashion. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
512 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
513 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
514 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
515 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
516 |
Good skills in lexing and language parsing, as well as being fluent with web programming (for |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
517 |
example JavaScript). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
518 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
519 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
520 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
521 |
<li> <H4>[CU7] Implementation of a Distributed Clock-Synchronisation Algorithm developed at NASA</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
522 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
523 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
524 |
<B>Description:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
525 |
There are many algorithms for synchronising clocks. This |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
526 |
<A HREF="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20120000054_2011025573.pdf">paper</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
527 |
describes a new algorithm for clocks that communicate by exchanging |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
528 |
messages and thereby reach a state in which (within some bound) all clocks are synchronised. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
529 |
A slightly longer and more detailed paper about the algorithm is |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
530 |
<A HREF="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110020812">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
531 |
The point of this project is to implement this algorithm and simulate networks of clocks. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
532 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
533 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
534 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
535 |
<B>Literature:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
536 |
There is a wide range of literature on clock synchronisation algorithms. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
537 |
Some pointers are given in this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
538 |
<A HREF="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20120000054_2011025573.pdf">paper</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
539 |
which describes the algorithm to be implemented in this project. Pointers |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
540 |
are given also <A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_synchronization">here</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
541 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
542 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
543 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
544 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
545 |
In order to implement a simulation of a network of clocks, you need to tackle |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
546 |
concurrency. You can do this for example in the programming language |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
547 |
<A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/">Scala</A> with the help of the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
548 |
<A HREF="http://akka.io">Akka</a> library. This library enables you to send messages |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
549 |
between different <I>actors</I>. <A HREF="http://www.scala-lang.org/node/242">Here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
550 |
are some examples that explain how to implement exchanging messages between actors. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
551 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
552 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
553 |
<li> <H4>[CU8] Proving the Correctness of Programs</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
554 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
555 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
556 |
I am one of the main developers of the interactive theorem prover |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
557 |
<A HREF="http://isabelle.in.tum.de">Isabelle</A>. This theorem prover |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
558 |
has been used to establish the correctness of some quite large |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
559 |
programs (for example an <A HREF="http://ertos.nicta.com.au/research/l4.verified/">operating system</A>). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
560 |
Together with colleagues from Nanjing, I used this theorem prover to establish the correctness of a |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
561 |
scheduling algorithm, called |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
562 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_inheritance">Priority Inheritance</A>, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
563 |
for real-time operating systems. This scheduling algorithm is part of the operating |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
564 |
system that drives, for example, the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
565 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover">Mars rovers</A>. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
566 |
Actually, the very first Mars rover mission in 1997 did not have this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
567 |
algorithm switched on and it almost caused a catastrophic mission failure (see |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
568 |
this youtube video <A HREF="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyx7kARrGeM">here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
569 |
for an explanation what happened). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
570 |
We were able to prove the correctness of this algorithm, but were also able to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
571 |
establish the correctness of some optimisations in this |
465 | 572 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/Publications/pip.pdf">paper</A>. |
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
573 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
574 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
575 |
<p>On a much smaller scale, there are a few small programs and underlying algorithms where it |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
576 |
is not really understood whether they always compute a correct result (for example the |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
577 |
regular expression matcher by Sulzmann and Lu in project [CU1]). The aim of this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
578 |
project is to completely specify an algorithm in Isabelle and then prove it correct (that is, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
579 |
it always computes the correct result). |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
580 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
581 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
582 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
583 |
<B>Skills:</B> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
584 |
This project is for a very good student with a knack for theoretical things and formal reasoning. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
585 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
586 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
587 |
<li> <H4>[CU9] Anything Security Related that is Interesting</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
588 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
589 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
590 |
If you have your own project that is related to security (must be |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
591 |
something interesting), please propose it. We can then have a look |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
592 |
whether it would be suitable for a project. |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
593 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
594 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
595 |
<li> <H4>[CU10] Anything Interesting in the Areas</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
596 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
597 |
<p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
598 |
<ul> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
599 |
<li><A HREF="http://elm-lang.org">Elm</A> (a reactive functional language for animating webpages; have a look at the cool examples, or <A HREF="http://pragmaticstudio.com/blog/2014/12/19/getting-started-with-elm">here</A> for an introduction) |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
600 |
<li><A HREF="http://www.smlserver.org/smltojs/">SMLtoJS</A> (a ML compiler to JavaScript; or anything else related to |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
601 |
sane languages that compile to JavaScript) |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
602 |
<li>Any statistical data related to Bitcoins (in the spirit of this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
603 |
<A HREF="http://people.csail.mit.edu/spillai/data/papers/bitcoin-transaction-graph-analysis.pdf">paper</A> or |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
604 |
this <A HREF="https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/584.pdf">one</A>; this will probably require some extensive C knowledge or any |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
605 |
other heavy-duty programming language) |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
606 |
<li>Anything related to programming languages and formal methods (like |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
607 |
<A HREF="http://matt.might.net/articles/intro-static-analysis/">static program analysis</A>) |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
608 |
<li>Anything related to low-cost, hands-on hardware like Raspberry Pi, Arduino, |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
609 |
<A HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubieboard">Cubieboard</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
610 |
<li>Anything related to unikernel operating systems, like |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
611 |
<A HREF="http://www.xenproject.org">Xen</A> or |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
612 |
<A HREF="http://www.openmirage.org">Mirage OS</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
613 |
<li>Any kind of applied hacking, for example the Arduino-based keylogger described |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
614 |
<A HREF="http://samy.pl/keysweeper/">here</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
615 |
<li>Anything related to code books, like this |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
616 |
<A HREF="http://www.joelotter.com/kajero/">one</A> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
617 |
</ul> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
618 |
</p> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
619 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
620 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
621 |
<li> <H4>Earlier Projects</H4> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
622 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
623 |
I am also open to project suggestions from you. You might find some inspiration from my earlier projects: |
465 | 624 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-12.html">BSc 2012/13</A>, |
625 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-12.html">MSc 2012/13</A>, |
|
626 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-13.html">BSc 2013/14</A>, |
|
627 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-13.html">MSc 2013/14</A>, |
|
628 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-14.html">BSc 2014/15</A>, |
|
629 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-14.html">MSc 2014/15</A>, |
|
630 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-15.html">BSc 2015/16</A>, |
|
631 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/msc-projects-15.html">MSc 2015/16</A>, |
|
632 |
<A HREF="http://nms.kcl.ac.uk/christian.urban/bsc-projects-16.html">BSc 2016/17</A> |
|
456
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
633 |
</ul> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
634 |
</TD> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
635 |
</TR> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
636 |
</TABLE> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
637 |
|
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
638 |
<P> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
639 |
<!-- hhmts start --> Last modified: Mon May 16 11:27:14 BST 2016 <!-- hhmts end --> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
640 |
<a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer">[Validate this page.]</a> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
641 |
</BODY> |
9eea20ad0caf
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
642 |
</HTML> |