abstract class RomanDigit case object I extends RomanDigit case object V extends RomanDigit case object X extends RomanDigit case object L extends RomanDigit case object C extends RomanDigit case object D extends RomanDigit case object M extends RomanDigit type RomanNumeral = List[RomanDigit] def optionlist[A](xs: List[Option[A]]): Option[List[A]] = xs match { case Nil => Some(Nil) case x::xs => (x, optionlist(xs)) match { case (None, _) => None case (_, None) => None case (Some(y), Some(ys)) => Some(y::ys) }}def char2romandigit(c: Char): Option[RomanDigit] = c match { case 'I' => Some(I) case 'V' => Some(V) case 'X' => Some(X) case 'L' => Some(L) case 'C' => Some(C) case 'D' => Some(D) case 'M' => Some(M) case _ => None}def String2RomanNumeral(s: String) : Option[RomanNumeral] = optionlist(s.toList.map(char2romandigit))String2RomanNumeral("IIII")String2RomanNumeral("IV")String2RomanNumeral("VI")String2RomanNumeral("IX")String2RomanNumeral("MCMLXXIX")String2RomanNumeral("MCMXLIV") String2RomanNumeral("M C M X L I V") // None////////////////def RomanNumeral2Int(rs: RomanNumeral): Int = rs match { case Nil => 0 case M::r => 1000 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case C::M::r => 900 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case D::r => 500 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case C::D::r => 400 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case C::r => 100 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case X::C::r => 90 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case L::r => 50 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case X::L::r => 40 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case X::r => 10 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case I::X::r => 9 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case V::r => 5 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case I::V::r => 4 + RomanNumeral2Int(r) case I::r => 1 + RomanNumeral2Int(r)}RomanNumeral2Int(List(I,I,I,I)) // 4RomanNumeral2Int(List(I,V)) // 4RomanNumeral2Int(List(V,I)) // 6RomanNumeral2Int(List(I,X)) // 9RomanNumeral2Int(List(M,C,M,L,X,X,I,X)) // 1979RomanNumeral2Int(List(M,C,M,X,L,I,V)) // 1944def String2Int(s: String): Option[Int] = String2RomanNumeral(s).map(RomanNumeral2Int(_))String2Int("IIII") // 4 invalid String2Int("IV") // 4String2Int("VI") // 6String2Int("IX") // 9String2Int("MCMLXXIX") // 1979String2Int("MCMXLIV") // 1944String2Int("") // 0String2Int("MDCLXI") // 1661String2Int("MMMCMXCIX") // 3999String2Int("XLVIII") // 48String2Int("MMVIII") // 2008String2Int("MMXI") // 2011 String2Int("MIM") // 1999String2Int("MCMLVI") // 1956 String2Int("XXCIII") // ?? 103 / 83String2Int("LXXIIX") // ?? 80 / 78String2Int("IIIIX") // ?? 12 invalid String2Int("IIXX") // ?? 20 / 18 invalidString2Int("III") // 3String2Int("XXX") // 30String2Int("CCC") // 300String2Int("MMM") // 3000String2Int("VII") // 7String2Int("LXVI") // 66String2Int("CL") // 150String2Int("MCC") // 1200String2Int("IV") // 4String2Int("IX") // 9String2Int("XC") // 90String2Int("ICM") // ?? 901String2Int("CIM") // ?? 899String2Int("MDCLXVI") // 1666String2Int("VIV") //9, but should be written as IX String2Int("IVX") // 14 invalid// error casesString2Int("MC?I")String2Int("abc")def runsAllowed(r: RomanDigit) = r match { case I | X | C | M => true case V | L | D => false}def norunsAllowed(r: RomanDigit) = !runsAllowed(r)def isValidNumeral(digitList: RomanNumeral): Bool = digitList match { // empty list is valid case Nil => true // a following digit that is equal or larger is an error case d1::d2::_ if (d1 <= d2) => false // A single digit is always allowed case _::ds => isValidNumeral(ds) }