|         |      1 // Preliminary Part about Code Similarity | 
|         |      2 //======================================== | 
|         |      3  | 
|         |      4 object CW7a { | 
|         |      5  | 
|         |      6  | 
|         |      7 //(1) Complete the clean function below. It should find | 
|         |      8 //    all words in a string using the regular expression | 
|         |      9 //    \w+  and the library function | 
|         |     10 // | 
|         |     11 //         some_regex.findAllIn(some_string) | 
|         |     12 // | 
|         |     13 //    The words should be Returned as a list of strings. | 
|         |     14  | 
|         |     15  | 
|         |     16 //def clean(s: String) : List[String] = ... | 
|         |     17 def clean(s: String) : List[String] = | 
|         |     18     "\\w+".r.findAllIn(s).toList | 
|         |     19  | 
|         |     20 //(2) The function occurrences calculates the number of times | 
|         |     21 //    strings occur in a list of strings. These occurrences should | 
|         |     22 //    be calculated as a Map from strings to integers. | 
|         |     23  | 
|         |     24  | 
|         |     25 //def occurrences(xs: List[String]): Map[String, Int] = .. | 
|         |     26 def occurrences(xs: List[String]) : Map[String, Int] = | 
|         |     27     xs.groupBy(identity).view.mapValues(_.size).toMap | 
|         |     28  | 
|         |     29 //(3) This functions calculates the dot-product of two documents | 
|         |     30 //    (list of strings). For this it calculates the occurrence | 
|         |     31 //    maps from (2) and then multiplies the corresponding occurrences. | 
|         |     32 //    If a string does not occur in a document, the product is zero. | 
|         |     33 //    The function finally sums up all products. | 
|         |     34  | 
|         |     35  | 
|         |     36 //def prod(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Int = .. | 
|         |     37 def prod(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Int = | 
|         |     38     occurrences(lst1).map(x => occurrences(lst2).getOrElse(x._1, 0) * x._2).reduce(_ + _) | 
|         |     39  | 
|         |     40 //(4) Complete the functions overlap and similarity. The overlap of | 
|         |     41 //    two documents is calculated by the formula given in the assignment | 
|         |     42 //    description. The similarity of two strings is given by the overlap | 
|         |     43 //    of the cleaned strings (see (1)). | 
|         |     44  | 
|         |     45  | 
|         |     46 //def overlap(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Double = ... | 
|         |     47 def overlap(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Double = | 
|         |     48     prod(lst1, lst2).toDouble/Math.max(prod(lst1, lst1).toDouble, prod(lst2, lst2).toDouble) | 
|         |     49 //def similarity(s1: String, s2: String) : Double = ... | 
|         |     50 def similarity(s1: String, s2: String) : Double = | 
|         |     51     overlap(clean(s1), clean(s2)) | 
|         |     52  | 
|         |     53  | 
|         |     54 /* Test cases | 
|         |     55 import CW7a._ | 
|         |     56 val list1 = List("a", "b", "b", "c", "d") | 
|         |     57 val list2 = List("d", "b", "d", "b", "d") | 
|         |     58 occurrences(List("a", "b", "b", "c", "d")) | 
|         |     59 occurrences(List("d", "b", "d", "b", "d")) | 
|         |     60 prod(list1,list2) // 7 | 
|         |     61 overlap(list1, list2)   // 0.5384615384615384 | 
|         |     62 overlap(list2, list1)   // 0.5384615384615384 | 
|         |     63 overlap(list1, list1)   // 1.0 | 
|         |     64 overlap(list2, list2)   // 1.0 | 
|         |     65 // Plagiarism examples from | 
|         |     66 // https://desales.libguides.com/avoidingplagiarism/examples | 
|         |     67 val orig1 = """There is a strong market demand for eco-tourism in | 
|         |     68 Australia. Its rich and diverse natural heritage ensures Australia's | 
|         |     69 capacity to attract international ecotourists and gives Australia a | 
|         |     70 comparative advantage in the highly competitive tourism industry.""" | 
|         |     71 val plag1 = """There is a high market demand for eco-tourism in | 
|         |     72 Australia. Australia has a comparative advantage in the highly | 
|         |     73 competitive tourism industry due to its rich and varied natural | 
|         |     74 heritage which ensures Australia's capacity to attract international | 
|         |     75 ecotourists.""" | 
|         |     76 similarity(orig1, plag1) // 0.8679245283018868 | 
|         |     77 // Plagiarism examples from | 
|         |     78 // https://www.utc.edu/library/help/tutorials/plagiarism/examples-of-plagiarism.php | 
|         |     79 val orig2 = """No oil spill is entirely benign. Depending on timing and | 
|         |     80 location, even a relatively minor spill can cause significant harm to | 
|         |     81 individual organisms and entire populations. Oil spills can cause | 
|         |     82 impacts over a range of time scales, from days to years, or even | 
|         |     83 decades for certain spills. Impacts are typically divided into acute | 
|         |     84 (short-term) and chronic (long-term) effects. Both types are part of a | 
|         |     85 complicated and often controversial equation that is addressed after | 
|         |     86 an oil spill: ecosystem recovery.""" | 
|         |     87 val plag2 = """There is no such thing as a "good" oil spill. If the | 
|         |     88 time and place are just right, even a small oil spill can cause damage | 
|         |     89 to sensitive ecosystems. Further, spills can cause harm days, months, | 
|         |     90 years, or even decades after they occur. Because of this, spills are | 
|         |     91 usually broken into short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) | 
|         |     92 effects. Both of these types of harm must be addressed in ecosystem | 
|         |     93 recovery: a controversial tactic that is often implemented immediately | 
|         |     94 following an oil spill.""" | 
|         |     95 overlap(clean(orig2), clean(plag2))  // 0.728 | 
|         |     96 similarity(orig2, plag2)             // 0.728 | 
|         |     97 // The punchline: everything above 0.6 looks suspicious and | 
|         |     98 // should be investigated by staff. | 
|         |     99 */ | 
|         |    100  | 
|         |    101 } |