| 
     1 // Preliminary Part about Code Similarity  | 
         | 
     2 //========================================  | 
         | 
     3   | 
         | 
     4 object CW7a { | 
         | 
     5   | 
         | 
     6   | 
         | 
     7 //(1) Complete the clean function below. It should find  | 
         | 
     8 //    all words in a string using the regular expression  | 
         | 
     9 //    \w+  and the library function  | 
         | 
    10 //  | 
         | 
    11 //         some_regex.findAllIn(some_string)  | 
         | 
    12 //  | 
         | 
    13 //    The words should be Returned as a list of strings.  | 
         | 
    14   | 
         | 
    15   | 
         | 
    16 //def clean(s: String) : List[String] = ...  | 
         | 
    17 def clean(s: String) : List[String] =  | 
         | 
    18     "\\w+".r.findAllIn(s).toList  | 
         | 
    19   | 
         | 
    20 //(2) The function occurrences calculates the number of times  | 
         | 
    21 //    strings occur in a list of strings. These occurrences should  | 
         | 
    22 //    be calculated as a Map from strings to integers.  | 
         | 
    23   | 
         | 
    24   | 
         | 
    25 //def occurrences(xs: List[String]): Map[String, Int] = ..  | 
         | 
    26 def occurrences(xs: List[String]) : Map[String, Int] =  | 
         | 
    27     xs.groupBy(identity).view.mapValues(_.size).toMap  | 
         | 
    28   | 
         | 
    29 //(3) This functions calculates the dot-product of two documents  | 
         | 
    30 //    (list of strings). For this it calculates the occurrence  | 
         | 
    31 //    maps from (2) and then multiplies the corresponding occurrences.  | 
         | 
    32 //    If a string does not occur in a document, the product is zero.  | 
         | 
    33 //    The function finally sums up all products.  | 
         | 
    34   | 
         | 
    35   | 
         | 
    36 //def prod(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Int = ..  | 
         | 
    37 def prod(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Int =  | 
         | 
    38     occurrences(lst1).map(x => occurrences(lst2).getOrElse(x._1, 0) * x._2).reduce(_ + _)  | 
         | 
    39   | 
         | 
    40 //(4) Complete the functions overlap and similarity. The overlap of  | 
         | 
    41 //    two documents is calculated by the formula given in the assignment  | 
         | 
    42 //    description. The similarity of two strings is given by the overlap  | 
         | 
    43 //    of the cleaned strings (see (1)).  | 
         | 
    44   | 
         | 
    45   | 
         | 
    46 //def overlap(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Double = ...  | 
         | 
    47 def overlap(lst1: List[String], lst2: List[String]) : Double =  | 
         | 
    48     prod(lst1, lst2).toDouble/Math.max(prod(lst1, lst1).toDouble, prod(lst2, lst2).toDouble)  | 
         | 
    49 //def similarity(s1: String, s2: String) : Double = ...  | 
         | 
    50 def similarity(s1: String, s2: String) : Double =  | 
         | 
    51     overlap(clean(s1), clean(s2))  | 
         | 
    52   | 
         | 
    53   | 
         | 
    54 /* Test cases  | 
         | 
    55 import CW7a._  | 
         | 
    56 val list1 = List("a", "b", "b", "c", "d") | 
         | 
    57 val list2 = List("d", "b", "d", "b", "d") | 
         | 
    58 occurrences(List("a", "b", "b", "c", "d")) | 
         | 
    59 occurrences(List("d", "b", "d", "b", "d")) | 
         | 
    60 prod(list1,list2) // 7  | 
         | 
    61 overlap(list1, list2)   // 0.5384615384615384  | 
         | 
    62 overlap(list2, list1)   // 0.5384615384615384  | 
         | 
    63 overlap(list1, list1)   // 1.0  | 
         | 
    64 overlap(list2, list2)   // 1.0  | 
         | 
    65 // Plagiarism examples from  | 
         | 
    66 // https://desales.libguides.com/avoidingplagiarism/examples  | 
         | 
    67 val orig1 = """There is a strong market demand for eco-tourism in  | 
         | 
    68 Australia. Its rich and diverse natural heritage ensures Australia's  | 
         | 
    69 capacity to attract international ecotourists and gives Australia a  | 
         | 
    70 comparative advantage in the highly competitive tourism industry."""  | 
         | 
    71 val plag1 = """There is a high market demand for eco-tourism in  | 
         | 
    72 Australia. Australia has a comparative advantage in the highly  | 
         | 
    73 competitive tourism industry due to its rich and varied natural  | 
         | 
    74 heritage which ensures Australia's capacity to attract international  | 
         | 
    75 ecotourists."""  | 
         | 
    76 similarity(orig1, plag1) // 0.8679245283018868  | 
         | 
    77 // Plagiarism examples from  | 
         | 
    78 // https://www.utc.edu/library/help/tutorials/plagiarism/examples-of-plagiarism.php  | 
         | 
    79 val orig2 = """No oil spill is entirely benign. Depending on timing and  | 
         | 
    80 location, even a relatively minor spill can cause significant harm to  | 
         | 
    81 individual organisms and entire populations. Oil spills can cause  | 
         | 
    82 impacts over a range of time scales, from days to years, or even  | 
         | 
    83 decades for certain spills. Impacts are typically divided into acute  | 
         | 
    84 (short-term) and chronic (long-term) effects. Both types are part of a  | 
         | 
    85 complicated and often controversial equation that is addressed after  | 
         | 
    86 an oil spill: ecosystem recovery."""  | 
         | 
    87 val plag2 = """There is no such thing as a "good" oil spill. If the  | 
         | 
    88 time and place are just right, even a small oil spill can cause damage  | 
         | 
    89 to sensitive ecosystems. Further, spills can cause harm days, months,  | 
         | 
    90 years, or even decades after they occur. Because of this, spills are  | 
         | 
    91 usually broken into short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic)  | 
         | 
    92 effects. Both of these types of harm must be addressed in ecosystem  | 
         | 
    93 recovery: a controversial tactic that is often implemented immediately  | 
         | 
    94 following an oil spill."""  | 
         | 
    95 overlap(clean(orig2), clean(plag2))  // 0.728  | 
         | 
    96 similarity(orig2, plag2)             // 0.728  | 
         | 
    97 // The punchline: everything above 0.6 looks suspicious and  | 
         | 
    98 // should be investigated by staff.  | 
         | 
    99 */  | 
         | 
   100   | 
         | 
   101 }  |