\usepackage{xcolor}%%\usepackage{fontspec}\usepackage[sc]{mathpazo}\usepackage{fontspec}\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Palatino Linotype}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{menukeys}\definecolor{darkblue}{rgb}{0,0,0.6}\usepackage[colorlinks=true,urlcolor=darkblue,linkcolor=darkblue]{hyperref}%%% for regular expressions and values\newcommand{\ZERO}{\mbox{\bf 0}}\newcommand{\ONE}{\mbox{\bf 1}}\newcommand{\Left}{\textit{Left}}\newcommand{\Der}{\textit{Der}}\newcommand{\der}{\textit{der}}\newcommand{\Ders}{\textit{Ders}}\newcommand{\ders}{\textit{ders}}%%% for trees%% http://anorien.csc.warwick.ac.uk/mirrors/CTAN/graphics/pgf/contrib/forest/forest.pdf\newcommand\grid[1]{%\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(char.base)] \path[use as bounding box] (0,0) rectangle (1em,1em); \draw[red!50, fill=red!20] (0,0) rectangle (1em,1em); \node[inner sep=1pt,anchor=base west] (char) at (0em,\gridraiseamount) {#1};\end{tikzpicture}}\newcommand\gridraiseamount{0.12em}\makeatletter\newcommand\Grid[1]{% \@tfor\z:=#1\do{\grid{\z}}}\makeatother \newcommand\Vspace[1][.3em]{% \mbox{\kern.06em\vrule height.3ex}% \vbox{\hrule width#1}% \hbox{\vrule height.3ex}}\def\VS{\Vspace[0.6em]}\newcommand{\dn}{\stackrel{\mbox{\scriptsize def}}{=}}\newcommand{\defn}[1]{\textit{\textbf{#1}}}\newcommand{\dq}[1]{\mbox{\tt{"}}#1\mbox{\tt{"}}}\definecolor{codegray}{gray}{0.9}\makeatletter\def\fnote{\gdef\@thefnmark{}\@footnotetext}\makeatother\newcommand{\HEADER}{{\bf Please submit your solutions via email. Please submit only ASCII text or PDFs. Every solution should be preceeded by the corresponding question text, like:\begin{center}\begin{tabular}{ll}Q$n$: & \ldots a difficult question from me\ldots\\A: & \ldots an answer from you \ldots\\Q$n+1$ & \ldots another difficult question\ldots\\A: & \ldots another brilliant answer from you\ldots\end{tabular}\end{center}\noindent Solutions will only be accepted until 20th December! Please send onlyone homework per email.}\bigskip}\newcommand{\POSTSCRIPT}{{\bf (Optional)} This question is for you to provide regular feedback to me: for examplewhat were the most interesting, least interesting, or confusing parts in this lecture? Any problems with my Scala code? Please feel free to share any other questions or concerns.}