\iffalse; awk '/S[H]ELL1/' lineno.sty|sh;exit; 

                                     ... see bottom for .tex documentation ... 

Macro file lineno.sty for LaTeX: attach line numbers, refer to them. 

                                                                           \fi 

\def\fileversion{v4.41} \def\filedate{2005/11/02}                     %VERSION

%%% Copyright 1995--2003 Stephan I. B"ottcher <boettcher@physik.uni-kiel.de>; 

%%% Copyright 2002--2005 Uwe L"uck, http://www.contact-ednotes.sty.de.vu 

%%%                      for version 4 and code from former Ednotes bundle 

%%%                      --author-maintained. 

%%% 

%%% This file can be redistributed and/or modified under 

%%% the terms of the LaTeX Project Public License; either 

%%% version 1.3a of the License, or any later version.

%%% The latest version of this license is in

%%%     http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt

%%% We did our best to help you, but there is NO WARRANTY. 

% 

%%% $Id: lineno.sty,v 1.1 2006/02/25 18:18:12 wenzelm Exp $ %% was v4.00.

%                                                      \title{\texttt{\itshape 

%%                                       %% (UL 2004/10/09:) Italic TT is evil

%%                                       %% ... or nice front page layout!? 

%%

%         lineno.sty \ \fileversion\ \filedate 

%                                                               \unskip}\\\ \\

%          A \LaTeX\ package  to attach 

% \\        line numbers to paragraphs

%                                                            \unskip}\author{% 

%              Stephan I. B\"ottcher 

%  \\          Uwe L\"uck 

%                                                              \unskip}\date{% 

%            boettcher@physik.uni-kiel.de 

%  \\        http://contact-ednotes.sty.de.vu 

%% \\        stephan@nevis.columbia.edu

%% \\        Stephan.Boettcher@cern.ch                     

%                                                                          \\}

%

%                                      \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}%D

%                                                        \usepackage{lineno}%D 

%%                                                              %% (New v4.00)

%                                                     \catcode`\_\active\let_~ 

%%                                               %% Beware math!? (/New v4.00) 

%                                                                \def~{\verb~} 

%                                                               \let\lessthan< 

%                                                           \catcode`\<\active

%                                   \def<#1>{$\langle${\itshape#1}\/$\rangle$}

%                                                           \catcode`\|\active

%%                                        (New v4.1: \tt star; in box anyway.) 

%                                                  \def|#1{\ttfamily\string#1}

%%                                               \def|#1{{\ttfamily\string#1}}

%%                                                                 (/New v4.1) 

%                                                        \newenvironment{code}

%                                                     {\par\runninglinenumbers

%                                                       \modulolinenumbers[1]%

%                                                           \linenumbersep.3em

%                                                                \footnotesize

%                                                          \def\linenumberfont

%                                                  {\normalfont\tiny\itshape}}

%                                                                           {} 

%%                                                              %% (New v4.00)

%                                           {\makeatletter \gdef\scs#1{\texttt

%                                                {\protect\@backslashchar#1}}}

%                                                  \def\old{\par\footnotesize}

%%                                                             %% (/New v4.00)

%%                                                               %% (New v4.1) 

%                                                          {\catcode`\/\active

%                                     \gdef\path{\begingroup\catcode`\/\active

%                                                          \let/\slash\dopath}

%                                 \gdef\dopath#1{\slash\unpenalty#1\endgroup}}

%%                                                              %% (/New v4.1)

%

%                                                           \begin{document}%D

%%                                                         \DocInput{lineno}%D

%                                                         \pagewiselinenumbers

%                                                                   \maketitle 

%                                                         \pagestyle{headings}

%                                                             \tableofcontents

%                                                                      \sloppy

% 

%%                                      %% New v4.00: `...section{%' + \unskip 

%                                                                   \section{%

%                    Introductions 

%%                                                           %% New v4.00: `s'

%                                                                     \unskip}

% 

% (New v4.00)           Parts of former first section 

% have been rendered separate subsections for package 

% version_v4.00.                         (/New v4.00) 

% 

%                                                                \subsection{% 

%               Introduction to versions $\textrm{v}\lessthan4$

%                                                                     \unskip} 

% 

% This package provides line numbers on paragraphs.

% After \TeX\ has broken a paragraph into lines there will

% be line numbers attached to them, with the possibility to

% make references  through the \LaTeX\ ~\ref~, ~\pageref~

% cross reference mechanism.  This includes four issues:

%                                                              \begin{itemize}

% \item   attach a line number on each line,

% \item   create references to a line number,

% \item   control line numbering mode,

% \item   count the lines and print the numbers.

%                                                                \end{itemize}

% The first two points are implemented through patches to

% the output routine.  The third by redefining ~\par~, ~\@par~

% and ~\@@par~.  The counting is easy, as long as you want

% the line numbers run through the text.  If they shall

% start over at the top of each page, the aux-file as well

% as \TeX s memory have to carry a load for each counted line.

%

% I wrote this package for my wife Petra, who needs it for

% transcriptions of interviews.  This allows her to

% precisely refer to passages in the text.  It works well

% together with ~\marginpar~s, but not too well with displaymath.

% ~\footnote~s are a problem, especially when they

% are split, but we may get there. 

% (New v4.00 UL) Version v4.00 overcomes the problem, I believe. 

% (/UL /New v4.00)

%

% lineno.sty works

% surprisingly well with other packages, for

% example, ~wrapfig.sty~.  So please try if it

% works with whatever you need, and if it does,

% please tell me, and if it does not, tell me as

% well, so I can try to fix it.

%

%                                                                \subsection{%

%               Introduction to versions v4.00ff. (UL) 

%                                                                     \unskip}

% 

% ~lineno.sty~ has been maintained by Stephan until version_v3.14.

% From version_v4.00 onwards, maintenance is shifting towards 

% Uwe L\"uck (UL), who is the author of v4\dots code and of v4\dots 

% changes in documentation. This came about as follows. 

% 

% Since late 2002, Christian Tapp and Uwe L\"uck have employed 

% ~lineno.sty~ for their ~ednotes.sty~, a package supporting 

% critical editions---cf.

%                                                                  \[\mbox{\tt 

%     http://ednotes.sty.de.vu 

%                                                                   \unskip}\]

% ---while you find ~ednotes.sty~ and surrounding files in 

% CTAN folder \path{macros/latex/contrib/ednotes}.

% 

% Soon, some weaknesses of ~lineno.sty~ showed up, mainly since 

% Christian's critical editions (using ~ednotes.sty~) needed lots 

% of ~\linelabel~s and footnotes. (These weaknesses are due to 

% weaknesses of \LaTeX's ~\marginpar~ mechanism that Stephan 

% used for ~\linelabel~.) So we changed some ~lineno.sty~ 

% definitions in some extra files, which moreover offered new 

% features. We sent these files to Stephan, hoping he would take 

% the changes into ~lineno.sty~. However, he was too short of time. 

% 

% Writing a TUGboat article on Ednotes in 2004, we hoped to 

% reduce the number of files in the Ednotes bundle and so asked 

% Stephan again. Now he generously offered maintenance to me, so 

% I could execute the changes on my own. 

% 

% The improvements are as follows: 

%                                                         \begin{itemize}\item 

% [(i)]   Footnotes placement approaches intentions better 

% (footnotes formerly liked to pile up at late pages). 

%                                                                        \item 

% [(ii)]  The number of ~\linelabel~s in one paragraph is no longer 

% limited to 18. 

%                                                                        \item 

% [(iii)] ~\pagebreak~, ~\nopagebreak~, ~\vspace~, and the star 

% and optional versions of ~\\~ work as one would expect 

% (section_\ref{s:MVadj}).                                   %% Added for v4.1

%                                                                        \item 

% [(iv)]  A command is offered which chooses the first line number 

% to be printed in the margin 

% (subsection_\ref{ss:Mod}).                                 %% Added for v4.1

%                                                                        \item 

% [(v)]   (New v4.1) \LaTeX\ tabular environments (optionally) 

% get line numbers as well, and you can refer to them in the 

% usual automatic way. (It may be considered a shortcoming that, 

% precisely, \emph{rows} are numbered, not lines.---See 

% subsection_\ref{ss:Tab}.) 

%                                                                        \item 

% [(vi)]  We are moving towards referring to math items 

% (subsection_\ref{ss:MathRef} and the hooks in 

% subsection_\ref{ss:LL}). 

% (/New v4.1) 

%                                                                 \end{itemize}

% (Thanks to Stephan for making this possible!)

% 

%% Unpublish: 

%% You may trace the earlier developments of these changes by 

%% requesting our files ~linenox0.sty~, ~linenox1.sty~, and 

%% ~lnopatch.sty~. Most of our changes have been in ~linenox0.sty~. 

%% Our ~linenox1.sty~ has extended ~linenox0.sty~ for one single 

%% purpose in a not very stable way. 

%%% (See ~\linenumberpar~ below). 

%% ~lnopatch.sty~ has done the first line number thing referred 

%% to in case_(iv) up to now. 

%% (New v4.1) 

%% Case_(v) earlier was provided by our ~edtab02.sty~---now 

%% called ~edtable.sty~. 

%% (/New v4.1) 

% 

% Ednotes moreover profits from Stephan's offer with regard 

% to the documentation of our code which yielded these 

% improvements formerly. This documentation now becomes 

% printable, being part of the ~lineno.sty~ documentation. 

% 

% Of course, Stephan's previous ~lineno.sty~ versions were a great 

% and ingenious work and exhibit greatest \TeX pertise. I never 

% could have done this. I learnt a lot in studying the code when 

% Christian pointed out strange output results and error 

% messages, and there are still large portions of ~lineno.sty~ 

% which I don't understand (consider only pagewise numbering of 

% lines). Fortunately, Stephan has offered future help if 

% needed.---My code for attaching line numbers to \emph{tabular 

% environments} (as mentioned above, now still in 

% ~edtable.sty~) %%                                                      %% TODO

% developed from macros which Stephan and Christian experimented 

% with in December 2002. Stephan built the basics. 

% (However, I then became too proud to follow his advice only to 

% use and modify ~longtable.sty~.)

% 

% There are some issues concerning use of counters on which I 

% don't agree with Stephan and where I would like to change the 

% code if ~lineno.sty~ is ``mine'' as Stephan offered. However, 

% Stephan is afraid of compatibility problems from which, in 

% particular, his wife could suffer in the near future. So he 

% demanded that I change as little as possible for my first 

% version. Instead of executing changes that I plan I just offer 

% my opinions at the single occasions. I hope to get in touch 

% this way with users who consider subtle features vital which I 

% consider strange. 

% 

% On the other hand, the sections on improvements of the 

% implementation have been blown up very much and may be tiring 

% and litte understandable for mere \emph{users}. These users 

% may profit from the present presentation just by jumping to 

% sections_\ref{s:Opts} and_\ref{s:UserCmds}. There is a user's 

% guide ulineno.tex which may be even more helpful, but it has 

% not been updated for a while.                                        %% TODO

% 

%                                                                \subsection{%

%               Availability 

%                                                                     \unskip}

% 

% In case you have found the present file otherwise than from 

% CTAN: A recent version and documentation of this package 

% should be available from CTAN folder 

% \path{macros/latex/contrib/lineno}.

% Or mail to one of the addresses at top of file. 

% 

%                                                                \subsection{% 

%               Introductory code

%                                                                     \unskip}

% 

% This style option is written for \LaTeXe, November 1994 or later,

% since we need the ~\protected@write~ macro. 

% 

% (New v4.00)               And we use ~\newcommand*~ for 

% controlling length of user macro arguments, which has been 

% available since December 1994. 

%% 

\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1994/12/01] 

%%                                                                [1994/11/04] 

\ProvidesPackage{lineno} 

  [\filedate\space line numbers on paragraphs \fileversion] 

% (/New v4.00) 

%% 

%% History of versions: 

%% v1.00 1995/03/31  SIB: first release for Petra's interview transcriptions

%% v1.01 1995/10/28  SIB: added ~pagewise~ mode

%% v1.02 1995/11/15  SIB: added ~modulo~ option  

%% v1.03 1995/12/05  SIB: pagewise: try to reduce the hash-size requirements

%% v2.00 1995/12/06  SIB:   .. it works, new user interface

%% v2.01 1996/09/17  SIB: put into CVS

%% v2.02 1997/03/17  SIB: add: \@reinserts, for footnotes

%% v2.04 1998/03/09  SIB: add: linenomath environment

%% v2.05 1998/04/26  SIB: add: prevgraf test

%% v2.06 1999/03/02  SIB: LPPL added

%% v3.00 1999/06/11  SiB: include the extension in the main file

%% v3.01 1999/08/28  SiB: \@reinserts -> \holdinginserts

%% v3.02 2000/03/10  SiB: \@LN@output

%% v3.03 2000/07/01  SiB: \@LN@ExtraLabelItems, hyperref

%% v3.04 2000/12/17  SiB: longtable compatibility.

%% v3.05 2001/01/02  SiB: [fleqn] detection. 

%% v3.05a 2001/01/04 SiB: [fleqn] detection reverted for eqnarray. 

%% v3.06 2001/01/17  SiB: [twocolumn] mode support.

%% v3.07 2001/07/30  SiB: [hyperref] option obsoleted.

%% v3.08 2001/08/02  SiB: linenomath wrapping for \[ \]

%% v3.08a 2001/08/04 SiB: linenomath wrapping for \[ \] fixed

%% v3.08b 2002/01/27 SiB: enquotation typo fix

%% v3.09 2003/01/14  SIB: hyperref detection fix

%% v3.10 2003/04/15  FMi: \MakeLineNo fix for deep boxes

%% v3.10a 2003/11/12  Uwe Lück: \lineref typo fix

%% v4.00 2004/09/02  UL:  included linenox0, linenox1, lnopatch code with 

%%                        documentation, usually indicated by `New v4.00'; 

%%                        discussions of old code, indicated by `UL'; 

%%                        LPPL v.1 ->  LPPL v1.3, `program' -> `file'; 

%%                        first lines with \filedate and \fileversion, 

%%                        according nawk lines; `November 1994 or later', 

%%                        some earlier documentation typos (including a few 

%%                        bad minus signs), { -> {% and } -> \unskip} at 

%%                        line ends (so, e.g., alignment in TOC works); \scs. 

%%       2004/09/03  UL:  removed everything which indicated that the 

%%                        present file were named `lineno4.sty'. 

%% v4.1  2004/09/19  UL:  Inserted Stephan's identification line, removed 

%%                        some TODOs and remarks from v4.00. 

%%       2004/10/04  UL:  Added acknowledgement for Daniel Doherty; 

%%                        `(New v4.00)' with [|\firstlinenumber]; changed 

%%                        TODOs; Refining -> Redefining (\vadjust). 

%%       2004/10/05  UL:  ednmath0 -> mathrefs; \catcode`\~ -> \active;

%%                        \path; refined section on options `mathrefs'; 

%%                        changes in introduction. 

%%       2004/10/06  UL:  Changed/removed TODOs, e.g., for edtable.sty. 

%%       2004/10/11  UL:  Reminders: linenox0/1/lnopatch.sty obsolete; 

%%                        \tt star in list of commands.

%%       2004/10/12  UL:  Corrected blank lines in lineno.tex. 

%%       2004/10/19  UL:  Fixed minor typos; remark on \if@LN@edtable. 

%% v4.1a 2004/11/07  UL:  LPPL v1.3a. 

%% v4.1b 2004/11/13  UL:  Comment on \outputpenalty values. 

%% v4.1c 2005/01/10  UL:  Contact via http. 

%% v4.11 2005/02/20  UL:  Error message with \linelabel when not numbering. 

%%       2005/03/07  UL:  Removed \linelabel from ss:Tab heading, consider 

%%                        marginal line numbers as well, revised ss:Tab. 

%%                        Added a few lines on missing explanations to 

%%                        s:UserCmds. Corrected some code alignments. 

%%       2005/03/08  UL:  Require recent edtable.sty. 

%%

%% v4.2  2005/03/21  UL:  "Physical page" counter works with \include. 

%%       2005/04/17  UL:  Raised options section above extensions section 

%%                        (v4.00 disabled `displaymath' option); 

%%                        third arg for \@ifundefined{mathindent}; 

%%                        "bunch of options"; 

%%       2005/04/24  UL:  compatibility with tamefloats; vplref.sty. 

%%       2005/04/25  UL:  \number -> \the; wondered -> $$; subsec. appbas; 

%%                        CrtlLN sec -> subsec.; \newcommand* wherever ...; 

%%                        doc. on `other output routines' and `addpageno' 

%%                        (this changed from `varioref'). 

%%       2005/04/27  UL:  =1\relax -> =\@ne, 0\relax ..., \hb@xt@, 

%%                        \ifx\@@par\@@@par -> \ifLineNumbers, typos, 

%%                        \pagestyle{headings}, LaTeX -> \LaTeX. 

%% v4.21 2005/04/28  UL:  linenomath section: removed wrong \else's, 

%%                        \holding...: \thr@@, \@LN@outer@holdins, \global. 

%% v4.22 2005/05/01  UL:  \unvbox\@outputbox; \@LN@col without #1, 

%%       2005/05/08  UL:  global/local \internall..., \resetl... global, 

%%                        shortened discussions of this and of \newcounter. 

%%       2005/05/09  UL:  corr.: doc. typo, version history, bad lines; 

%%                        percent; \chardef for modulo, 

%%                        \value{firstlinenumber}. 

%% v4.3  2005/05/10  UL:  \@backslashchar -> \char`\\ in \scs. 

%%       2005/05/11  UL:  \linenumbers sets ...outer@holdins; tidied up 

%%                        documentation regarding earlier versions. 

%%       2005/05/12  UL:  `linenomath' without spurious number above; 

%%                        `displaymath' default; edmac homepage -> 

%%                        ednotes.sty.de.vu, \endlinenomath without 

%%                        numbers: no change of \holdinginserts; 

%%                        \linelabel doesn't go to .aux or mark, 

%%                        hyperref detected; undone 2005/05/10 (bad mark). 

%%       2005/05/13  UL:  Reworked hyperref detection (new subsec.). 

%%       2005/05/15  UL:  More typo fixes, corrected terrible confusions in 

%%                        the discussion (v4.22/v4.3) of \new/\stepcounter; 

%%                        new subsec. in `Line number ...'; another 

%%                        implementation of `hyperref' detection. 

%%       2005/05/16  UL:  Final minor changes. 

%% v4.31b    /06/14  UL:  Extended explanation of \firstlinenumbers 

%%                        and package options; \@LN@ifgreat@critical; 

%%                        \modulolinenumbers*. Sent to Ednotes.news only.

%% v4.31 2005/06/15  UL:  \modulolinenumbers* with \firstlinenumber{1}; 

%%                        " -> ``/''; more doc. on \firstlinenumber .

%%       2005/06/20  UL:  Typo fix. 

%%       2005/10/01  UL:  Warning about \mod...* with pagewise mode. 

%% v4.31a    /10/02  UL:  Minor changes of appearance of doc., e.g., 

%%                        \[ for $$. 

%% v4.32b    /10/15  UL:  Support for \addvspace; removed comments that

%%                        had been invisible already for some time; 

%%                        made clear with which environments the 

%%                        linenomath environment is not needed. 

%% v4.32ab   /10/15  UL:  Observe \if@nobreak with support for \addvspace. 

%% v4.32 2005/10/17  UL:  Just made it official and sent it to CTAN. 

%% v4.33b    /10/23  UL:  \if@nobreak\nobreak\fi -> \nobreak . 

%% v4.33ab   /10/24  UL:  \LineNoLaTeXOutput without \@tempswafalse; 

%%                        undid v4.22: \[unv]box\@outputbox (space is OK, 

%%                        \unvbox pushes short columns down); \@LN@kern@z@ . 

%% v4.4b 2005/10/24  UL:  Another tidying-up of the discussion of 

%%                        \stepcounter{linenumber}; \@LN@screenoff@pen 

%%                        replaces \@LN@kern@z@, \@LN@depthbox . 

%% v4.4  2005/10/27  UL:  Just made official for CTAN. 

%% v4.4a 2005/10/29  UL:  Undid change of discussion of 

%%                        \stepcounter{linenumber} (confusion again). 

%% v4.41 2005/11/02  UL:  Raised \CheckCommand*. 

%% 

%% Acknowledgements:

%% v3.06:  Donald Arseneau, pointed to mparhack.sty.

%% v3.07+: Frank Mittelbach, points out inconsistencies in the

%%         user interface.

%% v3.10:  Frank Mittelbach \MakeLineNo fix for deep boxes

%% v4.00:  Daniel Doherty points out clash of \pagewise... with resetting 

%%         page number. 

%% v4.21:  Much testing work by Erik Luijten. 

%% v4.3:   `displaymath' default by Erik Luijten's suggestion. 

%% v4.31:  \modulolinenumbers* is an idea of Hillel Chayim Yisraeli's. 

%% v4.32:  Support for \addvspace due to Saravanan M.'s observation. 

%% v4.33:  Different support for \addvspace due to bug reports by 

%%         Saravanan M.'s and David Josef Dev. 

%% v4.4:   David Josef Dev points out that \kern\z@ after a paragraph 

%%         tends to place its final baseline wrongly. 

%

%

%                                                                   \section{%

%               Put the line numbers to the lines

%                                                                     \unskip}

% 

% (New v4.00)                    This section contained the most 

% basic package code previously. For various purposes of 

% version_4\dots, much of these basics have been to be modified. 

% Much of my (UL's) reasoning on these modifications has been to 

% be reported. Sorry, the present section has been blown up 

% awfully thus and contains ramifications that may be difficult 

% to trace. We add some ~\subsection~ commands in order to cope 

% with the new situation. (/New v4.00) 

% 

%                                                                \subsection{% 

%               Basic code of \texttt{lineno.sty} \scs{output}

%                                                    \unskip}\label{ss:output} 

% 

% The line numbers have to be attached by the output

% routine.  We simply set the ~\interlinepenalty~ to $-100000$.

% The output routine will be called after each line in the

% paragraph,  except the last,  where we trigger by ~\par~.

% The ~\linenopenalty~ is small enough to compensate a bunch of

% penalties (e.g., with ~\samepage~).

%

% (New v3.04)            Longtable uses 

% ~\penalty~$-30000$.  The lineno penalty range was 

% shrunk to $-188000 \dots -32000$.  (/New v3.04)

% (New v4.00) New values are listed below (11111f.). (/New v4.00) 

\newcount\linenopenalty\linenopenalty=-100000

%% TODO v4.4+: 

% (UL)                              Hm. It is never needed below 

% that this is a counter. ~\def\linenopenalty{-100000\relax}~ 

% would do. (I guess this consumes more memory, but it 

% is more important to save counters than to save memory.) 

% I was frightened by ~-\linenopenalty~ below, but indeed 

% \TeX\ interprets the string ~--100000~ as 100000. 

% Has any user or extension package writer ever called 

% ~\linenopenalty=xxx~, or could I really change this?---The 

% counter is somewhat faster than the macro. Together with the 

% compatibility question this seems to support keeping the 

% counter. (???) 

%% Note that Stephan chose ~\mathchardef~ below, 

%% so his choice above seems to have been deliberate. 

%% <- no point, \mathchardef token is fast. 

% (/UL) 

\mathchardef\linenopenaltypar=32000

% So let's make a hook to ~\output~,  the direct way. The \LaTeX\ 

% macro ~\@reinserts~ puts the footnotes back on the page.

%

% (New v3.01)                ~\@reinserts~ badly

% screws up split footnotes.  The bottom part is

% still on the recent contributions list, and the

% top part will be put back there after the bottom

% part. Thus, since lineno.sty does not play well

% with ~\inserts~ anyway, we can safely experiment

% with ~\holdinginserts~, without making things

% much worse.    

%

% Or that's what I thought, but:  Just activating

% ~\holdinginserts~ while doing the ~\par~ will

% not do the trick:  The ~\output~ routine may be

% called for a real page break before all line

% numbers are done, and how can we get control

% over ~\holdinginserts~ at that point?

%

% Let's try this:  When the ~\output~ routine is

% run with ~\holdinginserts=3~ for a real page

% break, then we reset ~\holdinginserts~ and

% restart ~\output~.

%

% Then, again, how do we keep the remaining

% ~\inserts~ while doing further line numbers? 

%

% If we find ~\holdinginserts~=$-3$ we activate it again 

% after doing ~\output~.             (/New v3.01)

%

% (New v3.02)                    To work with

% multicol.sty, the original output routine is now

% called indirectly, instead of being replaced.

% When multicol.sty changes ~\output~, it is a

% toks register, not the real thing. (/New v3.02)

% 

% (New v4.00)               Two further complications are added. 

%%

%% TODO v4.3+: Or three, ~\@nobreakfalse~ after ~\MakeLineNo~ 

%% for getting rid of ~\@LN@nopagebreak~. 

%                                                         \begin{itemize}\item

% [(i)]  Problems with footnotes formerly resulted from 

% \LaTeX's ~\@reinserts~ in ~\@specialoutput~ which Stephan's 

% ~\linelabel~ called via the ~\marginpar~ mechanism. 

%                                                                        \item

% [(ii)] \LaTeX\ commands using ~\vadjust~ formerly didn't work 

% as one would have hoped. The problem is as follows: 

% Printing the line number results from 

% a box that the output routine inserts at the place of the 

% ~\interlinepenalty~. ~\vadjust~ items appear \emph{above} the 

% ~\interlinepenalty~ (\TeX book p._105). So ~\pagebreak~, e.g., 

% formerly sent the line number to the next page, while the 

% penalty from ~\nopagebreak~ could not tie the following line, 

% since it was screened off by the line number box.---Our trick 

% is putting the ~\vadjust~ items into a list macro from which 

% the output routine transfers them into the vertical list, 

% below the line number box. 

%                                                                \end{itemize}

% In this case_(ii), like in case_(i), footnotes would suffer 

% if ~\holdinginserts~ were non-positive. Indeed, in both 

% cases_(i) and_(ii) we tackle the footnote problem by extending 

% that part of Stephan's output routine that is active when 

% ~\holdinginserts~ is positive. This extension writes the line 

% number ~\newlabel~ to the .aux file (which was formerly done 

% under $~\holdinginserts~=-3$) and handles the ~\vadjust~ 

% items.---To trigger ~\output~ and its ~\linelabel~ or, resp., 

% ~\vadjust~ part, the list of signal penalties started 

% immediately before is increased here (first for ~\linelabel~,