// A Small Compiler for a Simple Functional Language
//  - includes a lexer and a parser
//  - performs tail-call optimisations
//
// call with
//
//    amm funt.sc main defs.fun
//    amm funt.sc main fact.fun
//
//  or
// 
//    amm funt.sc run defs.fun
//    amm funt.sc run fact.fun   
//
// the first prints out the JVM instructions
// the second runs the generated class files


import $file.fun_tokens, fun_tokens._
import $file.fun_parser, fun_parser._ 

// compiler - built-in functions 
// copied from http://www.ceng.metu.edu.tr/courses/ceng444/link/jvm-cpm.html
//

val library = """
.class public XXX.XXX
.super java/lang/Object

.method public static write(I)V 
        .limit locals 1 
        .limit stack 2 
        getstatic java/lang/System/out Ljava/io/PrintStream; 
        iload 0
        invokevirtual java/io/PrintStream/println(I)V 
        return 
.end method

"""

// calculating the maximal needed stack size
def max_stack_exp(e: Exp): Int = e match {
  case Call(_, args) => args.map(max_stack_exp).sum
  case If(a, e1, e2) => 
    max_stack_bexp(a) + (List(max_stack_exp(e1), max_stack_exp(e2)).max)
  case Write(e) => max_stack_exp(e) + 1
  case Var(_) => 1
  case Num(_) => 1
  case Aop(_, a1, a2) => max_stack_exp(a1) + max_stack_exp(a2)
  case Sequence(e1, e2) => List(max_stack_exp(e1), max_stack_exp(e2)).max
}

def max_stack_bexp(e: BExp): Int = e match {
  case Bop(_, a1, a2) => max_stack_exp(a1) + max_stack_exp(a2)
}


// for generating new labels
var counter = -1

def Fresh(x: String) = {
  counter += 1
  x ++ "_" ++ counter.toString()
}

// convenient string interpolations 
// for instructions, labels and methods
extension (sc: StringContext) {
  def i(args: Any*): String = "   " ++ sc.s(args:_*) ++ "\n"  // instructions
  def l(args: Any*): String = sc.s(args:_*) ++ ":\n"          // labels
  def m(args: Any*): String = sc.s(args:_*) ++ "\n"           // methods
}


type Env = Map[String, Int]

def compile_op(op: String) = op match {
  case "+" => i"iadd"
  case "-" => i"isub"
  case "*" => i"imul"
  case "/" => i"idiv"
  case "%" => i"irem"
}

def compile_expT(a: Exp, env : Env, name: String) : String = a match {
  case Num(i) => i"ldc $i"
  case Var(s) => i"iload ${env(s)}"
  case Aop(op, a1, a2) => 
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ compile_expT(a2, env, "") ++ compile_op(op)
  case If(b, a1, a2) => {
    val if_else = Fresh("If_else")
    val if_end = Fresh("If_end")
    compile_bexpT(b, env, if_else) ++
    compile_expT(a1, env, name) ++
    i"goto $if_end" ++
    l"$if_else" ++
    compile_expT(a2, env, name) ++
    l"$if_end"
  }
  case Call(n, args) => if (name == n) { 
    val stores = args.zipWithIndex.map { case (x, y) => i"istore $y" } 
    args.map(a => compile_expT(a, env, "")).mkString ++
    stores.reverse.mkString ++ 
    i"goto ${n}_Start" 
  } else {
    val is = "I" * args.length
    args.map(a => compile_expT(a, env, "")).mkString ++
    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/${n}(${is})I"
  }
  case Sequence(a1, a2) => {
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ i"pop" ++ compile_expT(a2, env, name)
  }
  case Write(a1) => {
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++
    i"dup" ++
    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/write(I)V"
  }
}

def compile_bexpT(b: BExp, env : Env, jmp: String) : String = b match {
  case Bop("==", a1, a2) => 
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ compile_expT(a2, env, "") ++ i"if_icmpne $jmp"
  case Bop("!=", a1, a2) => 
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ compile_expT(a2, env, "") ++ i"if_icmpeq $jmp"
  case Bop("<", a1, a2) => 
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ compile_expT(a2, env, "") ++ i"if_icmpge $jmp"
  case Bop("<=", a1, a2) => 
    compile_expT(a1, env, "") ++ compile_expT(a2, env, "") ++ i"if_icmpgt $jmp"
}


def compile_decl(d: Decl) : String = d match {
  case Def(name, args, a) => { 
    val env = args.zipWithIndex.toMap
    val is = "I" * args.length
    m".method public static $name($is)I" ++
    m".limit locals ${args.length}" ++
    m".limit stack ${1 + max_stack_exp(a)}" ++
    l"${name}_Start" ++   
    compile_expT(a, env, name) ++
    i"ireturn" ++ 
    m".end method\n"
  }
  case Main(a) => {
    m".method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V" ++
    m".limit locals 200" ++
    m".limit stack 200" ++
    compile_expT(a, Map(), "") ++
    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/write(I)V" ++
    i"return" ++
    m".end method"
  }
}

// main compiler functions
def compile(prog: List[Decl], class_name: String) : String = {
  val instructions = prog.map(compile_decl).mkString
  (library + instructions).replaceAllLiterally("XXX", class_name)
}

// pre-2.5.0 ammonite 
// import ammonite.ops._

// post 2.5.0 ammonite
import os._

def compile_to_file(prog: List[Decl], class_name: String) : Unit = 
  write.over(pwd / s"$class_name.j", compile(prog, class_name))  

def compile_and_run(prog: List[Decl], class_name: String) : Unit = {
  println(s"Start of compilation")
  compile_to_file(prog, class_name)
  println(s"generated $class_name.j file")
  os.proc("java", "-jar", "jasmin.jar", s"$class_name.j").call()
  println(s"generated $class_name.class file")
  println(s"Run program")
  os.proc("java", s"${class_name}/${class_name}").call(stdout = os.Inherit)
  println(s"done.")
}


@main
def main(fname: String) = {
    val path = os.pwd / fname
    val class_name = fname.stripSuffix("." ++ path.ext)
    val tks = tokenise(os.read(path))
    val ast = parse_tks(tks)
    println(compile(ast, class_name))
}

@main
def run(fname: String) = {
    val path = os.pwd / fname
    val class_name = fname.stripSuffix("." ++ path.ext)
    val tks = tokenise(os.read(path))
    val ast = parse_tks(tks)
    compile_and_run(ast, class_name)
}