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\section*{Handout 7 (Compilation)}

The purpose of a compiler is to transform a program, a human
can write, into code the machine can run as fast as possible.
The fastest code would be machine code the CPU can run
directly, but it is often enough to improve the speed of a
program by just targeting a virtual machine. This produces not
the fastest possible code, but code that is fast enough and
has the advantage that the virtual machine care of things a
compiler would normally need to take care of (like explicit
memory management).

We will be generating code for the Java Virtual Machine. This
is a stack-based virtual machine which will make it easy to
generate code for arithmetic expressions. Recall
that our

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