--- a/progs/comb1.scala	Sun Jul 28 01:00:41 2019 +0100
+++ b/progs/comb1.scala	Sun Jul 28 14:24:46 2019 +0100
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import scala.language.implicitConversions
 import scala.language.reflectiveCalls
 
-/* Note, in the lectures I did not show the type consraint
- * I <% Seq[_] , which means that the input type I can be
- * treated, or seen, as a sequence. */
+/* Note, in the lectures I did not show the implicit type consraint
+ * I => Seq[_] , which means that the input type I needs to be
+ * a sequence, subtype of Seq. */
 
-abstract class Parser[I <% Seq[_], T] {
+abstract class Parser[I, T](implicit ev: I => Seq[_]) {
   def parse(ts: I): Set[(T, I)]
 
   def parse_all(ts: I) : Set[T] =
@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@
         if (tail.isEmpty)) yield head
 }
 
-class SeqParser[I <% Seq[_], T, S](p: => Parser[I, T], 
-                                   q: => Parser[I, S]) extends Parser[I, (T, S)] {
+class SeqParser[I, T, S](p: => Parser[I, T], 
+                         q: => Parser[I, S])(implicit ev: I => Seq[_]) extends Parser[I, (T, S)] {
   def parse(sb: I) = 
     for ((head1, tail1) <- p.parse(sb); 
          (head2, tail2) <- q.parse(tail1)) yield ((head1, head2), tail2)
 }
 
-class AltParser[I <% Seq[_], T](p: => Parser[I, T], 
-                                q: => Parser[I, T]) extends Parser[I, T] {
+class AltParser[I, T](p: => Parser[I, T], 
+                      q: => Parser[I, T])(implicit ev: I => Seq[_]) extends Parser[I, T] {
   def parse(sb: I) = p.parse(sb) ++ q.parse(sb)   
 }
 
-class FunParser[I <% Seq[_], T, S](p: => Parser[I, T], 
-                                   f: T => S) extends Parser[I, S] {
+class FunParser[I, T, S](p: => Parser[I, T], 
+                         f: T => S)(implicit ev: I => Seq[_]) extends Parser[I, S] {
   def parse(sb: I) = 
     for ((head, tail) <- p.parse(sb)) yield (f(head), tail)
 }
@@ -48,13 +48,16 @@
 val NumParser = RegexParser("[0-9]+".r)
 def StringParser(s: String) = RegexParser(Regex.quote(s).r)
 
-val NumParserInt = NumParser ==> (s => s.toInt)
+// NumParserInt transforms a "string integer" into an Int;
+// needs new, because FunParser is not a case class
+val NumParserInt = new FunParser(NumParser, (s: String) => s.toInt)
+
 
 // convenience
 implicit def string2parser(s: String) = StringParser(s)
 implicit def char2parser(c: Char) = CharParser(c)
 
-implicit def ParserOps[I<% Seq[_], T](p: Parser[I, T]) = new {
+implicit def ParserOps[I, T](p: Parser[I, T])(implicit ev: I => Seq[_]) = new {
   def | (q : => Parser[I, T]) = new AltParser[I, T](p, q)
   def ==>[S] (f: => T => S) = new FunParser[I, T, S](p, f)
   def ~[S] (q : => Parser[I, S]) = new SeqParser[I, T, S](p, q)
@@ -70,6 +73,9 @@
     new SeqParser[String, String, String](s, r)
 }
 
+// NumParserInt can now be written as
+val NumParserInt = NumParser ==> (s => s.toInt)
+
 
 lazy val Pal : Parser[String, String] = 
   (("a" ~ Pal ~ "a") ==> { case ((x, y), z) => x + y + z } |
@@ -80,7 +86,7 @@
 
 println("Palindrome: " + Pal.parse_all("abaaaba"))
 
-// well-nested parenthesis parser
+// well-nested parentheses parser (transforms '(' -> '{' , ')' -> '}' )
 lazy val P : Parser[String, String] = 
   "(" ~ P ~ ")" ~ P ==> { case (((_, x), _), y) => "{" + x + "}" + y } | ""
 
@@ -89,7 +95,7 @@
 P.parse_all(")(")
 P.parse_all("()")
 
-// arithmetic expressions
+// Arithmetic Expressions
 
 lazy val E: Parser[String, Int] = 
   (T ~ "+" ~ E) ==> { case ((x, y), z) => x + z } |
@@ -149,15 +155,13 @@
 U.parse_all("1" * 100 + "0")
 
 lazy val UCount : Parser[String, Int] =
-  ("1" ~ UCount) ==> { case (x, y) => y + 1 } | 
-  "" ==> { x => 0 }
+  ("1" ~ UCount) ==> { case (x, y) => y + 1 } | "" ==> { x => 0 }
 
 UCount.parse("11111")
 UCount.parse_all("11111")
 
 
 
-
 // Single Character parser
 lazy val One : Parser[String, String] = "1"
 lazy val Two : Parser[String, String] = "2"