| author | Christian Urban <christian.urban@kcl.ac.uk> |
| Wed, 21 Dec 2022 14:33:05 +0000 | |
| changeset 905 | d8f870aad77d |
| parent 898 | 5075b69142d9 |
| child 939 | fb6ffb9b7304 |
| permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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% !TEX program = xelatex |
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\documentclass[dvipsnames,14pt,t,xelatex,aspectratio=169,xcolor={table}]{beamer}
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\usepackage{../slides}
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\usepackage{../langs}
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\usepackage{../data}
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\usepackage{../graphicss}
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\usepackage{../grammar}
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% beamer stuff |
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\renewcommand{\slidecaption}{CFL 07, King's College London}
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\newcommand{\bl}[1]{\textcolor{blue}{#1}}
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\begin{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[t]
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\frametitle{%
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\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}
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\\[-3mm] |
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\LARGE Compilers and \\[-2mm] |
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\LARGE Formal Languages\\[-5mm] |
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\end{tabular}}
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\normalsize |
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tabular}{ll}
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Email: & christian.urban at kcl.ac.uk\\ |
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Office Hour: & Fridays 11 -- 12\\ |
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Location: & N7.07 (North Wing, Bush House)\\ |
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Slides \& Progs: & KEATS\\ |
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Pollev: & \texttt{\alert{https://pollev.com/cfltutoratki576}}\\
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\node[drop shadow,fill=white,inner sep=0pt] |
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{\footnotesize\rowcolors{1}{capri!10}{white}
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\begin{tabular}{|p{4.8cm}|p{4.8cm}|}\hline
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1 Introduction, Languages & 6 While-Language \\ |
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2 Regular Expressions, Derivatives & 7 Compilation, JVM \\ |
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3 Automata, Regular Languages & \cellcolor{blue!50} 8 Compiling Functional Languages \\
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4 Lexing, Tokenising & 9 Optimisations \\ |
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5 Grammars, Parsing & 10 LLVM \\ \hline |
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\end{tabular}%
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}; |
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[t]
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\frametitle{%
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\begin{tabular}{@ {}c@ {}}
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\\[-3mm] |
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\LARGE Compilers and \\[-2mm] |
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\LARGE Formal Languages\\[3mm] |
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\end{tabular}}
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\normalsize |
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tabular}{ll}
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Email: & christian.urban at kcl.ac.uk\\ |
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%Office Hours: & Thursdays 12 -- 14\\ |
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%Location: & N7.07 (North Wing, Bush House)\\ |
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Slides \& Progs: & KEATS (also homework is there)\\ |
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\node[drop shadow,fill=white,inner sep=0pt] |
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{\footnotesize\rowcolors{1}{capri!10}{white}
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\begin{tabular}{|p{4.8cm}|p{4.8cm}|}\hline
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1 Introduction, Languages & 6 While-Language \\ |
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2 Regular Expressions, Derivatives & \cellcolor{blue!50} 7 Compilation, JVM \\
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3 Automata, Regular Languages & 8 Compiling Functional Languages \\ |
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4 Lexing, Tokenising & 9 Optimisations \\ |
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5 Grammars, Parsing & 10 LLVM \\ \hline |
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\end{tabular}%
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}; |
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[t]
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\frametitle{Bird's Eye View}
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\mbox{}\\[-16mm]\mbox{}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,
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node/.style={
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rectangle,rounded corners=3mm, |
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very thick,draw=black!50, |
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minimum height=18mm, minimum width=20mm, |
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top color=white,bottom color=black!20,drop shadow}] |
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\node (0) at (-2.3,0) {};
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\node (A) at (0,0) [node] {};
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\node [below right] at (A.north west) {lexer};
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\node (B) at (3,0) [node] {};
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\node [below right=1mm] at (B.north west) |
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{\mbox{}\hspace{-1mm}parser};
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\node (C) at (6,0) [node] {};
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\node [below right] at (C.north west) |
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{\mbox{}\hspace{-1mm}code gen};
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\node (1) at (8.4,0) {};
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\draw [->,line width=4mm] (0) -- (A); |
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\draw [->,line width=4mm] (A) -- (B); |
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\draw [->,line width=4mm] (B) -- (C); |
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\draw [->,line width=4mm] (C) -- (1); |
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}\pause
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1,font=\bf,
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node/.style={
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rectangle,rounded corners=3mm, |
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ultra thick,draw=black!50,minimum height=18mm, |
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minimum width=20mm, |
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top color=white,bottom color=black!20}] |
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\node (0) at (-3,0) {};
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\node (A) at (0,0) [node,text width=1.6cm,text centered] {\small{}our compiler};
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\node (B) at (3.5,0) [node,text width=1.6cm,text centered] {\small{}Jasmin / Krakatau};
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\node (C) at (7.5,0) [node] {JVM};
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\draw [->,line width=2.5mm] (0) -- node [above,pos=0.35] {*.while} (A);
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\draw [->,line width=2.5mm] (A) -- node [above,pos=0.35] {*.j} (B);
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\draw [->,line width=2.5mm] (B) -- node [above,pos=0.35] {*.class} (C);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[c]
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\frametitle{Test Program}
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\mbox{}\\[-18mm]\mbox{}
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{\lstset{language=While}\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont
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\texttt{\lstinputlisting{../progs/while-tests/loops.while}}}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[c]
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\begin{textblock}{10}(0.5,0.5)
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\LARGE |
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\fontspec{Hoefler Text Black}
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\textcolor{ProcessBlue}{JVM\\ Code}
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\\[12mm] |
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\normalsize |
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Jasmin\\ |
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Krakatau\\ |
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ASM lib |
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\end{textblock}
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\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont
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%\footnotesize |
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\mbox{}\\[-13mm]\mbox{}
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\begin{columns}
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\begin{column}{2cm}
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\lstinputlisting[numbers=none]{../progs/appHa.j}
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\end{column}
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\begin{column}{2cm}
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\lstinputlisting[numbers=none]{../progs/appHb.j}
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\end{column}
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\end{columns}
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\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[t]
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% \begin{center}
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% \bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
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% \\[-12mm] |
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% \meta{Stmt} & $::=$ & $\texttt{skip}$\\
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% & $|$ & \textit{Id}\;\texttt{:=}\;\meta{AExp}\\
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% & $|$ & \texttt{if}\; \meta{BExp} \;\texttt{then}\; \meta{Block} \;\texttt{else}\; \meta{Block}\\
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% & $|$ & \texttt{while}\; \meta{BExp} \;\texttt{do}\; \meta{Block}\\
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% & $|$ & \texttt{read}\;\textit{Id}\\
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% & $|$ & \texttt{write}\;\textit{Id}\\
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% & $|$ & \texttt{write}\;\textit{String}\medskip\\
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% \meta{Stmts} & $::=$ & \meta{Stmt} \;\texttt{;}\; \meta{Stmts}\\
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% & $|$ & \meta{Stmt}\medskip\\
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% \meta{Block} & $::=$ & \texttt{\{}\,\meta{Stmts}\,\texttt{\}}\\
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% & $|$ & \meta{Stmt}\medskip\\
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% \meta{AExp} & $::=$ & \ldots\\
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% \meta{BExp} & $::=$ & \ldots\\
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% \end{tabular}}
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% \end{center}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[c]
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% \frametitle{\begin{tabular}{c}Fibonacci Numbers\end{tabular}}
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% \mbox{}\\[-18mm]\mbox{}
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% ?? |
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% %{\lstset{language=While}\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont
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% %\texttt{\lstinputlisting{../progs/fib.while}}}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[c]
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% \frametitle{Interpreter}
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% \begin{center}
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% \bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
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% $\text{eval}(n, E)$ & $\dn$ & $n$\\
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% $\text{eval}(x, E)$ & $\dn$ & $E(x)$ \;\;\;\textcolor{black}{lookup \bl{$x$} in \bl{$E$}}\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1 + a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{eval}(a_1, E) + \text{eval}(a_2, E)$\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1 - a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{eval}(a_1, E) - \text{eval}(a_2, E)$\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1 * a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{eval}(a_1, E) * \text{eval}(a_2, E)$\bigskip\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1 = a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{eval}(a_1, E) = \text{eval}(a_2, E)$\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1\,!\!= a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\neg(\text{eval}(a_1, E) = \text{eval}(a_2, E))$\\
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% $\text{eval}(a_1 < a_2, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{eval}(a_1, E) < \text{eval}(a_2, E)$\
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% \end{tabular}}
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% \end{center}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[c]
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% \frametitle{Interpreter (2)}
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% \begin{center}
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% \bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
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% $\text{eval}(\text{skip}, E)$ & $\dn$ & $E$\\
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% $\text{eval}(x:=a, E)$ & $\dn$ & \bl{$E(x \mapsto \text{eval}(a, E))$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{$\text{eval}(\text{if}\;b\;\text{then}\;cs_1\;\text{else}\;cs_2 , E) \dn$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\hspace{2cm}$\text{if}\;\text{eval}(b,E)\;\text{then}\;
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% \text{eval}(cs_1,E)$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\hspace{2cm}$\phantom{\text{if}\;\text{eval}(b,E)\;}\text{else}\;\text{eval}(cs_2,E)$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{$\text{eval}(\text{while}\;b\;\text{do}\;cs, E) \dn$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\hspace{2cm}$\text{if}\;\text{eval}(b,E)$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\hspace{2cm}$\text{then}\;
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% \text{eval}(\text{while}\;b\;\text{do}\;cs, \text{eval}(cs,E))$}\\
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% \multicolumn{3}{@{}l@{}}{\hspace{2cm}$\text{else}\; E$}\\
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% $\text{eval}(\text{write}\; x, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\{\;\text{println}(E(x))\; ;\;E\;\}$\\
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% \end{tabular}}
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% \end{center}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[c]
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% \frametitle{Test Program}
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% \mbox{}\\[-18mm]\mbox{}
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% {\lstset{language=While}\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont
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% \texttt{\lstinputlisting{../progs/while-tests/loops.while}}}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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% \begin{frame}[c]
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% \fontsize{7}{9}\selectfont
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% \begin{columns}
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% \begin{column}{7cm}
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% \lstinputlisting[numbers=none]{../progs/appHa.j}
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% \end{column}
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% \begin{column}{7cm}
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% \lstinputlisting[numbers=none]{../progs/appHb.j}
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% \end{column}
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% \end{columns}
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% \end{frame}
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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%\begin{frame}[t]
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%\frametitle{Interpreted Code}
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% |
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%\begin{center}
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%\begin{tikzpicture}
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%\begin{axis}[axis x line=bottom, axis y line=left, xlabel=n, ylabel=secs, legend style=small]
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%\addplot+[smooth] file {interpreted.data};
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%\end{axis}
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%\end{tikzpicture}
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%\end{center}
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% |
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%\end{frame}
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% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%\begin{frame}[c]
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%\frametitle{Java Virtual Machine}
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% |
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%\begin{itemize}
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%\item introduced in 1995 |
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%\item is a stack-based VM (like Postscript, CLR of .Net) |
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%\item contains a JIT compiler |
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%\item many languages take advantage of JVM's infrastructure (JRE) |
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%\item is garbage collected $\Rightarrow$ no buffer overflows |
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%\item some languages compiled to the JVM: Scala, Clojure\ldots |
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%\end{itemize}
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% |
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%\end{frame}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
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\begin{frame}[t,fragile]
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\frametitle{Compiling AExps}
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For example \textbf{\bl{1 + ((2 * 3) + (4 - 3))}}:\medskip
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\begin{columns}[T]
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\begin{column}{.3\textwidth}
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\begin{center}
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\bl{\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|
346 |
\tikzset{level distance=12mm,sibling distance=4mm}
|
|
347 |
\tikzset{edge from parent/.style={draw,very thick}}
|
|
348 |
\Tree [.$+$ [.$1$ ] [.$+$ [.$*$ $2$ $3$ ] [.$-$ $4$ $3$ ]]] |
|
349 |
\end{tikzpicture}}
|
|
350 |
\end{center}
|
|
351 |
\end{column}
|
|
352 |
\begin{column}{.3\textwidth}
|
|
353 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none]
|
|
354 |
ldc 1 |
|
355 |
ldc 2 |
|
356 |
ldc 3 |
|
357 |
imul |
|
358 |
ldc 4 |
|
359 |
ldc 3 |
|
360 |
isub |
|
361 |
iadd |
|
362 |
iadd |
|
363 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
364 |
\end{column}
|
|
365 |
\end{columns}\bigskip
|
|
366 |
||
367 |
\small |
|
368 |
Traverse tree in post-order \bl{$\Rightarrow$} code for
|
|
369 |
stack-machine |
|
370 |
||
371 |
\end{frame}
|
|
372 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
373 |
||
374 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
375 |
\begin{frame}[t,fragile]
|
|
376 |
\frametitle{Compiling AExps}
|
|
377 |
||
| 686 | 378 |
\liningnums{\textbf{\Large\bl{(1 + 2) + 3}}}
|
| 608 | 379 |
|
380 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none,xleftmargin=6cm]
|
|
381 |
ldc 1 |
|
382 |
ldc 2 |
|
383 |
iadd |
|
384 |
ldc 3 |
|
385 |
iadd |
|
386 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
387 |
||
388 |
||
389 |
\end{frame}
|
|
390 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
391 |
||
392 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
393 |
\begin{frame}[t,fragile]
|
|
394 |
\frametitle{Compiling AExps}
|
|
395 |
||
396 |
\liningnums{\textbf{\Large\bl{1 + (2 + 3)}}}
|
|
397 |
||
398 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none,xleftmargin=6cm]
|
|
399 |
ldc 1 |
|
400 |
ldc 2 |
|
401 |
ldc 3 |
|
402 |
iadd |
|
403 |
iadd |
|
404 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
405 |
\bigskip\pause |
|
406 |
\vfill |
|
407 |
||
408 |
\textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{dadd}}},
|
|
409 |
\textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{fadd}}},
|
|
410 |
\textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{ladd}}}, \ldots
|
|
411 |
||
412 |
\end{frame}
|
|
413 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
414 |
||
415 |
||
416 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
417 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
418 |
\frametitle{Compiling AExps}
|
|
419 |
||
420 |
\begin{center}
|
|
421 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
|
|
422 |
$\text{compile}(n)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{ldc}\;n$\\
|
|
423 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 + a_2)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
424 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1) \;@\;\text{compile}(a_2)\;@\; \text{iadd}$}\smallskip\\
|
|
425 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 - a_2)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
426 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1) \;@\; \text{compile}(a_2)\;@\; \text{isub}$}\smallskip\\
|
|
427 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 * a_2)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
428 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1) \;@\; \text{compile}(a_2)\;@\; \text{imul}$}\smallskip\\
|
|
429 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
430 |
\end{center}
|
|
431 |
||
432 |
\end{frame}
|
|
433 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
434 |
||
435 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
436 |
\begin{frame}[t,fragile]
|
|
437 |
\frametitle{\begin{tabular}{c}Compiling AExps\end{tabular}}
|
|
438 |
||
439 |
\liningnums{\textbf{\Large\bl{1 $+$ 2 $*$ 3 $+$ (4 $-$ 3)}}}
|
|
440 |
||
441 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none,xleftmargin=6cm]
|
|
442 |
ldc 1 |
|
443 |
ldc 2 |
|
444 |
ldc 3 |
|
445 |
imul |
|
446 |
ldc 4 |
|
447 |
ldc 3 |
|
448 |
isub |
|
449 |
iadd |
|
450 |
iadd |
|
451 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
452 |
||
453 |
\end{frame}
|
|
454 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
455 |
||
456 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
457 |
\begin{frame}[c]
|
|
458 |
\frametitle{Variables}
|
|
459 |
\liningnums{\textbf{\Large\bl{x $:=$ 5 $+$ y $*$ 2}}}\bigskip\pause
|
|
460 |
||
461 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
462 |
\item lookup: \bl{$\textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{iload}}}\; index$}
|
|
463 |
\item store: \bl{$\textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{istore}}}\; index$}
|
|
464 |
\end{itemize}\bigskip\pause
|
|
465 |
||
466 |
while compilating we have to maintain a map between our identifiers and the |
|
467 |
Java bytecode indices |
|
468 |
||
469 |
\begin{center}
|
|
470 |
\bl{$\text{compile}(a, E)$}
|
|
471 |
\end{center}
|
|
472 |
||
473 |
\end{frame}
|
|
474 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
475 |
||
476 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
477 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
478 |
\frametitle{Compiling AExps}
|
|
479 |
||
480 |
\begin{center}
|
|
481 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}lcl@{}}
|
|
482 |
$\text{compile}(n, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{ldc}\;n$\\
|
|
483 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 + a_2, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
484 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1, E) \;@\;\text{compile}(a_2, E)\;@\; \text{iadd}$}\smallskip\\
|
|
485 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 - a_2, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
486 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1, E) \;@\; \text{compile}(a_2, E)\;@\; \text{isub}$}\smallskip\\
|
|
487 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 * a_2, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
488 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\qquad\text{compile}(a_1, E) \;@\; \text{compile}(a_2, E)\;@\; \text{imul}$}\bigskip\\
|
|
489 |
$\text{compile}(x, E)$ & $\dn$ & $\text{iload}\;E(x)$\\
|
|
490 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
491 |
\end{center}
|
|
492 |
||
493 |
\end{frame}
|
|
494 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
495 |
||
496 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
497 |
\begin{frame}[c, fragile]
|
|
498 |
\frametitle{Mathematical Functions}
|
|
499 |
||
500 |
Compilation of some mathematical functions: |
|
501 |
||
502 |
\begin{center}
|
|
503 |
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
504 |
\texttt{Aop("+", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...iadd}\\
|
|
505 |
\texttt{Aop("-", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...isub}\\
|
|
506 |
\texttt{Aop("*", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...imul}\\
|
|
507 |
\texttt{Aop("/", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...idiv}\\
|
|
508 |
\texttt{Aop("\%", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...irem}\\
|
|
509 |
\end{tabular}
|
|
510 |
\end{center}
|
|
511 |
||
512 |
\end{frame}
|
|
513 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
514 |
||
515 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
516 |
\begin{frame}[c]
|
|
517 |
\frametitle{Compiling Statements}
|
|
518 |
||
519 |
We return a list of instructions and an environment for the |
|
520 |
variables |
|
521 |
||
522 |
\begin{center}
|
|
523 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{@{}l@{\hspace{1mm}}c@{\hspace{1mm}}l@{}}
|
|
524 |
$\text{compile}(\text{skip}, E)$ & $\dn$ & $(\textit{Nil}, E)$\bigskip\\
|
|
525 |
$\text{compile}(x := a, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
526 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$(\text{compile}(a, E) \;@\;\text{istore}\;index, E(x\mapsto index))$}\\
|
|
527 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
528 |
\end{center}\medskip
|
|
529 |
||
530 |
where \bl{$index$} is \bl{$E(x)$} if it is already defined,
|
|
531 |
or if it is not, then the largest index not yet seen |
|
532 |
||
533 |
\end{frame}
|
|
534 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
535 |
||
536 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
537 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
538 |
\frametitle{Compiling Assignments}
|
|
539 |
||
540 |
\liningnums{\textbf{\Large\bl{x $:=$ x $+$ 1}}}
|
|
541 |
||
542 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none,xleftmargin=6cm]
|
|
543 |
iload /*@\bl{$n_x$}@*/
|
|
544 |
ldc 1 |
|
545 |
iadd |
|
546 |
istore /*@\bl{$n_x$}@*/
|
|
547 |
\end{lstlisting}\medskip
|
|
548 |
||
549 |
where \bl{$n_x$} is the index corresponding to the variable~\bl{$x$}
|
|
550 |
||
551 |
\end{frame}
|
|
552 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
553 |
||
554 |
||
555 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
556 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
557 |
\frametitle{Compiling Ifs}
|
|
558 |
||
559 |
{\Large\bl{$\text{if}\;b\;\text{then}\;cs_1\;\text{else}\;cs_2$}}\bigskip\bigskip
|
|
560 |
||
561 |
\onslide<2->{Case }\only<2>{{\bf True}:}\only<3>{{\bf False}:}
|
|
562 |
||
563 |
\begin{center}
|
|
564 |
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2mm and 4mm,
|
|
565 |
block/.style={rectangle, minimum size=1cm, draw=black, line width=1mm},
|
|
566 |
point/.style={rectangle, inner sep=0mm, minimum size=0mm, fill=red},
|
|
567 |
skip loop/.style={red, line width=1mm, to path={-- ++(0,-10mm) -| (\tikztotarget)}}]
|
|
568 |
\node (A1) [point] {};
|
|
569 |
\node (b) [block, right=of A1] {code of \bl{$b$}};
|
|
570 |
\node (A2) [point, right=of b] {};
|
|
571 |
\node (cs1) [block, right=of A2] {code of \bl{$cs_1$}};
|
|
572 |
\node (A3) [point, right=of cs1] {};
|
|
573 |
\node (cs2) [block, right=of A3] {code of \bl{$cs_2$}};
|
|
574 |
\node (A4) [point, right=of cs2] {};
|
|
575 |
||
576 |
\only<2>{
|
|
577 |
\draw (A1) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (b); |
|
578 |
\draw (b) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (cs1); |
|
579 |
\draw (cs1) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A3); |
|
580 |
\draw (A3) edge [->,skip loop] (A4); |
|
581 |
\node [below=of cs2] {\raisebox{-5mm}{\small{}jump}};}
|
|
582 |
\only<3>{
|
|
583 |
\draw (A1) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (b); |
|
584 |
\draw (b) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A2); |
|
585 |
\draw (A2) edge [skip loop] (A3); |
|
586 |
\draw (A3) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (cs2); |
|
587 |
\draw (cs2) edge [->,red, line width=1mm] (A4); |
|
588 |
\node [below=of cs1] {\raisebox{-5mm}{\small{}conditional jump}};}
|
|
589 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
590 |
\end{center}
|
|
591 |
||
592 |
\end{frame}
|
|
593 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
594 |
||
595 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
596 |
\begin{frame}[t,fragile]
|
|
597 |
\frametitle{Conditional Jumps}
|
|
598 |
||
599 |
\begin{minipage}{1.1\textwidth}
|
|
600 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
601 |
\item \textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{if\_icmpeq}}} \bl{$label$}
|
|
602 |
if two ints are equal, then jump\medskip |
|
603 |
\item \textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{if\_icmpne}}} \bl{$label$}
|
|
604 |
if two ints aren't equal, then jump\medskip |
|
605 |
\item \textcolor{codepurple}{\textbf{\texttt{if\_icmpge}}} \bl{$label$}
|
|
606 |
if one int is greater or equal then another, then jump |
|
607 |
\item[]\ldots |
|
608 |
\end{itemize}
|
|
609 |
\end{minipage}\pause
|
|
610 |
||
611 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,numbers=none,xleftmargin=2cm]
|
|
612 |
/*@\bl{$L_1$:}@*/
|
|
613 |
if_icmpeq /*@\bl{$L_2$}@*/
|
|
614 |
iload 1 |
|
615 |
ldc 1 |
|
616 |
iadd |
|
617 |
if_icmpeq /*@\bl{$L_1$}@*/
|
|
618 |
/*@\bl{$L_2$:}@*/
|
|
619 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
620 |
||
621 |
||
622 |
\begin{textblock}{3.5}(11,12)
|
|
623 |
\only<3>{labels must be unique}
|
|
624 |
\end{textblock}
|
|
625 |
\end{frame}
|
|
626 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
627 |
||
628 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
629 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
630 |
\frametitle{Compiling Ifs}
|
|
631 |
||
632 |
For example |
|
633 |
||
634 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=While]
|
|
| 810 | 635 |
if 1 == 1 then x := 2 else y := 3 |
| 608 | 636 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
637 |
||
638 |
||
639 |
\begin{center}
|
|
640 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,language=JVMIS,numbers=none]
|
|
641 |
ldc 1 |
|
642 |
ldc 1 |
|
643 |
if_icmpne L_ifelse $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node (C) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
644 |
ldc 2 |
|
645 |
istore 0 |
|
646 |
goto L_ifend $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node (A) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
647 |
L_ifelse: $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node[] (D) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
648 |
ldc 3 |
|
649 |
istore 1 |
|
650 |
L_ifend: $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node[] (B) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
651 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
652 |
\end{center}
|
|
653 |
||
654 |
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
|
|
655 |
\draw[->,very thick] (A) edge [->,to path={-- ++(10mm,0mm)
|
|
656 |
-- ++(0mm,-17.3mm) |- (\tikztotarget)},line width=1mm] (B.east); |
|
657 |
\draw[->,very thick] (C) edge [->,to path={-- ++(10mm,0mm)
|
|
658 |
-- ++(0mm,-17.3mm) |- (\tikztotarget)},line width=1mm] (D.east); |
|
659 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
660 |
||
661 |
\end{frame}
|
|
662 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
663 |
||
664 |
||
665 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
666 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
667 |
\frametitle{Compiling BExps}
|
|
668 |
||
| 810 | 669 |
{\Large\bl{$a_1 == a_2$}}
|
| 608 | 670 |
|
671 |
\begin{center}
|
|
672 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
| 810 | 673 |
$\text{compile}(a_1 == a_2, E, lab)$ & $\dn$\\
|
| 608 | 674 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\text{compile}(a_1, E) \;@\;\text{compile}(a_2, E)\;@\; \text{if\_icmpne}\;lab$}
|
675 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
676 |
\end{center}
|
|
677 |
||
678 |
\end{frame}
|
|
679 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
680 |
||
681 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
682 |
\begin{frame}[c, fragile]
|
|
683 |
\frametitle{Boolean Expressions}
|
|
684 |
||
685 |
Compilation of boolean expressions: |
|
686 |
||
687 |
\begin{center}
|
|
688 |
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2mm and 4mm,
|
|
689 |
block/.style={rectangle, minimum size=1cm, draw=black, line width=1mm},
|
|
690 |
point/.style={rectangle, inner sep=0mm, minimum size=0mm, fill=red},
|
|
691 |
skip loop/.style={red, line width=1mm, to path={-- ++(0,-10mm) -| (\tikztotarget)}}]
|
|
692 |
\node (A1) [point] {};
|
|
693 |
\node (b) [block, right=of A1] {code of \bl{$b$}};
|
|
694 |
\node (A2) [point, right=of b] {};
|
|
695 |
\node (cs1) [block, right=of A2] {code of \bl{$cs_1$}};
|
|
696 |
\node (A3) [point, right=of cs1] {};
|
|
697 |
\node (cs2) [block, right=of A3] {code of \bl{$cs_2$}};
|
|
698 |
\node (A4) [point, right=of cs2] {};
|
|
699 |
||
700 |
\only<1>{
|
|
701 |
\draw (A1) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (b); |
|
702 |
\draw (b) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A2); |
|
703 |
\draw (A2) edge [skip loop] (A3); |
|
704 |
\draw (A3) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (cs2); |
|
705 |
\draw (cs2) edge [->,red, line width=1mm] (A4); |
|
706 |
\node [below=of cs1] {\raisebox{-5mm}{\small{}conditional jump}};}
|
|
707 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
708 |
\end{center}
|
|
709 |
||
710 |
\begin{center}
|
|
711 |
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
712 |
\texttt{Bop("==", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...if\_icmpne...}\\
|
|
713 |
\texttt{Bop("!=", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...if\_icmpeq...}\\
|
|
714 |
\texttt{Bop("<", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...if\_icmpge...}\\
|
|
715 |
\texttt{Bop("<=", a1, a2)} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{...if\_icmpgt...}\\
|
|
716 |
\end{tabular}
|
|
717 |
\end{center}
|
|
718 |
||
719 |
\end{frame}
|
|
720 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
721 |
||
722 |
||
723 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
724 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
725 |
\frametitle{Compiling Ifs}
|
|
726 |
||
727 |
{\Large\bl{if $b$ then $cs_1$ else $cs_2$}}
|
|
728 |
||
729 |
\begin{center}
|
|
730 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
731 |
$\text{compile}(\text{if}\;b\;\text{then}\; cs_1\;\text{else}\; cs_2, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
732 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad l_{ifelse}\;$ \textcolor{black}{(fresh label)}}\\
|
|
733 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad l_{ifend}\;$ \textcolor{black}{(fresh label)}}\\
|
|
734 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad (is_1, E') = \text{compile}(cs_1, E)$}\\
|
|
735 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad (is_2, E'') = \text{compile}(cs_2, E')$}\\
|
|
736 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad(\text{compile}(b, E, l_{ifelse})$}\\
|
|
737 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;is_1$}\\
|
|
738 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\; \text{goto}\;l_{ifend}$}\\
|
|
739 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;l_{ifelse}:$}\\
|
|
740 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;is_2$}\\
|
|
741 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;l_{ifend}:, E'')$}\\
|
|
742 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
743 |
\end{center}
|
|
744 |
||
745 |
\end{frame}
|
|
746 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
747 |
||
748 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
749 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
750 |
\frametitle{Compiling Whiles}
|
|
751 |
||
752 |
{\Large\bl{$\text{while}\;b\;\text{do}\;cs$}}\bigskip\bigskip
|
|
753 |
||
754 |
\onslide<2->{Case }\only<2>{{\bf True}:}\only<3>{{\bf False}:}
|
|
755 |
||
756 |
\begin{center}
|
|
757 |
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2mm and 4mm,
|
|
758 |
block/.style={rectangle, minimum size=1cm, draw=black, line width=1mm},
|
|
759 |
point/.style={rectangle, inner sep=0mm, minimum size=0mm, fill=red},
|
|
760 |
skip loop/.style={red, line width=1mm, to path={-- ++(0,-10mm) -| (\tikztotarget)}}]
|
|
761 |
\node (A0) [point, left=of A1] {};
|
|
762 |
\node (A1) [point] {};
|
|
763 |
\node (b) [block, right=of A1] {code of \bl{$b$}};
|
|
764 |
\node (A2) [point, right=of b] {};
|
|
765 |
\node (cs1) [block, right=of A2] {code of \bl{$cs$}};
|
|
766 |
\node (A3) [point, right=of cs1] {};
|
|
767 |
\node (A4) [point, right=of A3] {};
|
|
768 |
||
769 |
\only<2>{
|
|
770 |
\draw (A0) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (b); |
|
771 |
\draw (b) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (cs1); |
|
772 |
\draw (cs1) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A3); |
|
773 |
\draw (A3) edge [->,skip loop] (A1);} |
|
774 |
\only<3>{
|
|
775 |
\draw (A0) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (b); |
|
776 |
\draw (b) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A2); |
|
777 |
\draw (A2) edge [skip loop] (A3); |
|
778 |
\draw (A3) edge [->, red, line width=1mm] (A4);} |
|
779 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
780 |
\end{center}
|
|
781 |
||
782 |
\end{frame}
|
|
783 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
784 |
||
785 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
786 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
787 |
\frametitle{Compiling Whiles}
|
|
788 |
||
789 |
{\Large\bl{while $b$ do $cs$}}
|
|
790 |
||
791 |
\begin{center}
|
|
792 |
\bl{\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
793 |
$\text{compile}(\text{while}\; b\; \text{do} \;cs, E)$ & $\dn$\\
|
|
794 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad l_{wbegin}\;$ \textcolor{black}{(fresh label)}}\\
|
|
795 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad l_{wend}\;$ \textcolor{black}{(fresh label)}}\\
|
|
796 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad (is, E') = \text{compile}(cs_1, E)$}\\
|
|
797 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad(l_{wbegin}:$}\\
|
|
798 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;\text{compile}(b, E, l_{wend})$}\\
|
|
799 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;is$}\\
|
|
800 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\; \text{goto}\;l_{wbegin}$}\\
|
|
801 |
\multicolumn{3}{l}{$\quad\phantom{(}@\;l_{wend}:, E')$}\\
|
|
802 |
\end{tabular}}
|
|
803 |
\end{center}
|
|
804 |
||
805 |
\end{frame}
|
|
806 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
807 |
||
808 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
809 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
810 |
\frametitle{Compiling Whiles}
|
|
811 |
||
812 |
For example |
|
813 |
||
814 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=While]
|
|
815 |
while x <= 10 do x := x + 1 |
|
816 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
817 |
||
818 |
||
819 |
\begin{center}
|
|
820 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,language=JVMIS,numbers=none]
|
|
821 |
L_wbegin: $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node[] (LB) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
822 |
iload 0 |
|
823 |
ldc 10 |
|
824 |
if_icmpgt L_wend $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node (LC) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
825 |
iload 0 |
|
826 |
ldc 1 |
|
827 |
iadd |
|
828 |
istore 0 |
|
829 |
goto L_wbegin $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node (LA) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
830 |
L_wend: $\quad\tikz[remember picture] \node[] (LD) {\mbox{}};$
|
|
831 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
832 |
\end{center}
|
|
833 |
||
834 |
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
|
|
835 |
\draw[->,very thick] (LA) edge [->,to path={-- ++(12mm,0mm)
|
|
836 |
-- ++(0mm,17.3mm) |- (\tikztotarget)},line width=1mm] (LB.east); |
|
837 |
\draw[->,very thick] (LC) edge [->,to path={-- ++(12mm,0mm)
|
|
838 |
-- ++(0mm,-17.3mm) |- (\tikztotarget)},line width=1mm] (LD.east); |
|
839 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
840 |
||
841 |
\end{frame}
|
|
842 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
843 |
||
844 |
||
845 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
846 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
847 |
\frametitle{Compiling Writes}
|
|
848 |
||
849 |
\small |
|
850 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,mathescape,
|
|
851 |
numbers=none,xleftmargin=-6mm] |
|
852 |
.method public static write(I)V |
|
853 |
.limit locals 1 |
|
854 |
.limit stack 2 |
|
| 811 | 855 |
getstatic java/lang/System/out Ljava/io/PrintStream; |
| 608 | 856 |
iload 0 |
857 |
invokevirtual java/io/PrintStream/println(I)V |
|
858 |
return |
|
859 |
.end method |
|
860 |
||
861 |
||
862 |
||
863 |
iload $E(x)$ |
|
864 |
invokestatic XXX/XXX/write(I)V |
|
865 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
866 |
||
867 |
\end{frame}
|
|
868 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
869 |
||
870 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
871 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
872 |
\frametitle{Compiling Main}
|
|
873 |
||
874 |
\footnotesize |
|
875 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,mathescape,
|
|
876 |
numbers=none,xleftmargin=-6mm] |
|
877 |
.class public XXX.XXX |
|
878 |
.super java/lang/Object |
|
879 |
||
| 811 | 880 |
... |
| 608 | 881 |
|
882 |
.method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V |
|
883 |
.limit locals 200 |
|
884 |
.limit stack 200 |
|
885 |
||
886 |
$\textit{\ldots{}here comes the compiled code\ldots}$
|
|
887 |
||
888 |
return |
|
889 |
.end method |
|
890 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
891 |
||
| 811 | 892 |
%.method public <init>()V |
893 |
% aload_0 |
|
894 |
% invokenonvirtual java/lang/Object/<init>()V |
|
895 |
% return |
|
896 |
%.end method |
|
897 |
||
898 |
||
| 608 | 899 |
\end{frame}
|
900 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
901 |
||
902 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
903 |
\begin{frame}[c]
|
|
| 686 | 904 |
\frametitle{Next Compiler Phases}
|
| 608 | 905 |
|
906 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
907 |
\item assembly $\Rightarrow$ byte code (class file) |
|
908 |
\item labels $\Rightarrow$ absolute or relative jumps\bigskip\bigskip |
|
909 |
\item \texttt{javap} is a disassembler for class files
|
|
| 686 | 910 |
\item jasmin and krakatau are assemblers for jvm code |
|
369
43c0ed473720
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
302
diff
changeset
|
911 |
\end{itemize}
|
|
43c0ed473720
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
302
diff
changeset
|
912 |
|
| 686 | 913 |
\end{frame}
|
| 608 | 914 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
915 |
||
916 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
917 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
| 686 | 918 |
\frametitle{Recall: Interpreted Code}
|
919 |
||
920 |
\begin{center}
|
|
921 |
\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|
922 |
\begin{axis}[axis x line=bottom, axis y line=left, xlabel=n, ylabel=secs, legend style=small]
|
|
923 |
\addplot+[smooth] file {interpreted.data};
|
|
924 |
\end{axis}
|
|
925 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
926 |
\end{center}
|
|
927 |
||
928 |
Loop program |
|
929 |
\end{frame}
|
|
930 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
931 |
||
932 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
933 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
934 |
\frametitle{Compiled Code}
|
|
| 608 | 935 |
|
936 |
\begin{center}
|
|
937 |
\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|
938 |
\begin{axis}[axis x line=bottom, axis y line=left, xlabel=n, ylabel=secs, legend style=small]
|
|
939 |
\addplot+[smooth] file {compiled.data};
|
|
940 |
\end{axis}
|
|
941 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
942 |
\end{center}
|
|
943 |
||
| 686 | 944 |
\end{frame}
|
| 608 | 945 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
946 |
||
947 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
948 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
| 686 | 949 |
\frametitle{Compiler vs.~Interpreter}
|
| 608 | 950 |
|
951 |
\begin{center}
|
|
952 |
\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|
953 |
\begin{axis}[axis x line=bottom, axis y line=left, ylabel=secs,
|
|
954 |
xlabel=n, |
|
955 |
enlargelimits=0.05, |
|
956 |
ybar interval=0.7, legend style=small] |
|
957 |
\addplot file {interpreted2.data};
|
|
958 |
\addplot file {compiled2.data};
|
|
959 |
%\legend{interpreted, compiled}
|
|
960 |
\end{axis}
|
|
961 |
\end{tikzpicture}
|
|
962 |
\end{center}
|
|
963 |
||
| 686 | 964 |
\end{frame}
|
| 608 | 965 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
966 |
||
967 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
| 686 | 968 |
\begin{frame}[c]
|
969 |
\frametitle{A ``Compiler'' for BF*** to C}
|
|
970 |
||
971 |
\begin{center}
|
|
972 |
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
|
|
973 |
\bl{\texttt{>}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{ptr++}\\
|
|
974 |
\bl{\texttt{<}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{ptr--}\\
|
|
975 |
\bl{\texttt{+}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{(*ptr)++}\\
|
|
976 |
\bl{\texttt{-}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{(*ptr)--}\\
|
|
977 |
\bl{\texttt{.}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{putchar(*ptr)}\\
|
|
978 |
\bl{\texttt{,}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{*ptr = getchar()}\\
|
|
979 |
\bl{\texttt{[}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{while(*ptr)\{}\\
|
|
980 |
\bl{\texttt{]}} & $\Rightarrow$ & \texttt{\}}\medskip\\
|
|
981 |
& $\Rightarrow$ & ignore everything else\\ |
|
982 |
\end{tabular}
|
|
983 |
\end{center}\bigskip
|
|
984 |
||
985 |
\texttt{char field[30000]\\ char *ptr = \&field[15000]}
|
|
986 |
||
987 |
\end{frame}
|
|
988 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
989 |
||
990 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
991 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
992 |
\frametitle{BF***}
|
|
993 |
||
994 |
we need some big array, say \texttt{arr} and 7 (8) instructions:\medskip
|
|
995 |
||
996 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
997 |
\item \texttt{>} move \texttt{ptr++}
|
|
998 |
\item \texttt{<} move \texttt{ptr-{}-}
|
|
999 |
\item \texttt{+} add \texttt{arr[ptr]++}
|
|
1000 |
\item \texttt{-} subtract \texttt{arr[ptr]-{}-}
|
|
1001 |
\item \texttt{.} print out \texttt{arr[ptr]} as ASCII
|
|
1002 |
\item \texttt{[} if \texttt{arr[ptr] == 0} jump just after the corresponding \texttt{]}; otherwise \texttt{ptr++}
|
|
1003 |
\item \texttt{]} if \texttt{arr[ptr] != 0} jump just after the corresponding \texttt{[}; otherwise \texttt{ptr++}
|
|
1004 |
||
1005 |
\end{itemize}
|
|
1006 |
||
1007 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1008 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1009 |
||
1010 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1011 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
1012 |
\frametitle{Arrays in While}
|
|
1013 |
||
1014 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
1015 |
\item \texttt{new arr[15000]}\medskip
|
|
1016 |
\item \texttt{x := 3 + arr[3 + y]}\medskip
|
|
1017 |
\item \texttt{arr[42 * n] := ...}
|
|
1018 |
\end{itemize}
|
|
1019 |
||
1020 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1021 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1022 |
||
1023 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1024 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
1025 |
\frametitle{New Arrays}
|
|
1026 |
||
1027 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=While]
|
|
1028 |
new arr[number] |
|
1029 |
\end{lstlisting}\bigskip\bigskip
|
|
1030 |
||
1031 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=JVMIS]
|
|
1032 |
ldc number |
|
1033 |
newarray int |
|
1034 |
astore loc_var |
|
1035 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
1036 |
||
1037 |
||
1038 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1039 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1040 |
||
1041 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1042 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
1043 |
\frametitle{Array Update}
|
|
1044 |
||
1045 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=While]
|
|
1046 |
arr[...] := |
|
1047 |
\end{lstlisting}\bigskip\bigskip
|
|
1048 |
||
1049 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=JVMIS]
|
|
1050 |
aload loc_var |
|
1051 |
index_aexp |
|
1052 |
value_aexp |
|
1053 |
iastore |
|
1054 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
1055 |
||
1056 |
||
1057 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1058 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1059 |
||
1060 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1061 |
\begin{frame}[c,fragile]
|
|
1062 |
\frametitle{Array Lookup in AExp}
|
|
1063 |
||
1064 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=While]
|
|
1065 |
...arr[...]... |
|
1066 |
\end{lstlisting}\bigskip\bigskip
|
|
1067 |
||
1068 |
\begin{lstlisting}[mathescape,numbers=none,language=JVMIS]
|
|
1069 |
aload loc_var |
|
1070 |
index_aexp |
|
1071 |
iaload |
|
1072 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
1073 |
||
1074 |
||
1075 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1076 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1077 |
||
1078 |
||
| 852 | 1079 |
|
1080 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1081 |
\begin{frame}[t, fragile]
|
|
1082 |
\frametitle{Function Definitions}
|
|
1083 |
||
1084 |
\footnotesize |
|
1085 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,
|
|
1086 |
xleftmargin=2mm, |
|
1087 |
numbers=none] |
|
1088 |
.method public static write(I)V |
|
1089 |
.limit locals 1 |
|
1090 |
.limit stack 2 |
|
1091 |
getstatic java/lang/System/out Ljava/io/PrintStream; |
|
1092 |
iload 0 |
|
1093 |
invokevirtual java/io/PrintStream/println(I)V |
|
1094 |
return |
|
1095 |
.end method |
|
1096 |
\end{lstlisting}\bigskip
|
|
1097 |
||
1098 |
\small We will need methods for definitions like\footnotesize\medskip |
|
1099 |
||
1100 |
\begin{lstlisting}[language=JVMIS,
|
|
1101 |
xleftmargin=2mm, |
|
1102 |
numbers=none] |
|
1103 |
def fname (x1, ... , xn) = ... |
|
1104 |
||
1105 |
.method public static fname (I...I)I |
|
1106 |
.limit locals ?? |
|
1107 |
.limit stack ?? |
|
1108 |
?? |
|
1109 |
.end method |
|
1110 |
\end{lstlisting}
|
|
1111 |
||
1112 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1113 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1114 |
||
1115 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1116 |
\begin{frame}[c, fragile]
|
|
1117 |
\frametitle{Stack Estimation}
|
|
1118 |
\small |
|
1119 |
\mbox{}\\[-15mm]
|
|
1120 |
||
1121 |
\bl{\begin{center}
|
|
1122 |
\begin{tabular}{@{\hspace{-4mm}}l@{\hspace{2mm}}c@{\hspace{2mm}}l@{}}
|
|
1123 |
$\textit{estimate}(n)$ & $\dn$ & $1$\\
|
|
1124 |
$\textit{estimate}(x)$ & $\dn$ & $1$\\
|
|
1125 |
$\textit{estimate}(a_1\;aop\;a_2)$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1126 |
$\textit{estimate}(a_1) + \textit{estimate}(a_2)$\\
|
|
1127 |
$\textit{estimate}(\pcode{if}\;b\;\pcode{then}\;e_1\;\pcode{else}\;e_2)$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1128 |
$\textit{estimate}(b) +$\\
|
|
1129 |
& & $\quad max(\textit{estimate}(e_1), \textit{estimate}(e_2))$\\
|
|
1130 |
$\textit{estimate}(\pcode{write}(e))$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1131 |
$\textit{estimate}(e) + 1$\\
|
|
1132 |
$\textit{estimate}(e_1 ; e_2)$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1133 |
$max(\textit{estimate}(e_1), \textit{estimate}(e_2))$\\
|
|
1134 |
$\textit{estimate}(f(e_1, ..., e_n))$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1135 |
$\sum_{i = 1..n}\;estimate(e_i)$\medskip\\
|
|
1136 |
$\textit{estimate}(a_1\;bop\;a_2)$ & $\dn$ &
|
|
1137 |
$\textit{estimate}(a_1) + \textit{estimate}(a_2)$\\
|
|
1138 |
\end{tabular}
|
|
1139 |
\end{center}}
|
|
1140 |
||
1141 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1142 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1143 |
||
1144 |
||
| 686 | 1145 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
| 608 | 1146 |
\mode<presentation>{
|
1147 |
\begin{frame}[c]
|
|
1148 |
\frametitle{Backend}
|
|
1149 |
||
1150 |
\begin{center}
|
|
1151 |
\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|
1152 |
\node (rexp) {\bl{\bf Lexer}};
|
|
1153 |
\node (nfa) [right=of rexp] {\bl{\bf Parser}};
|
|
1154 |
\node (dfa) [right=of nfa] {\bl{\begin{tabular}{c}\bf Optimizations\end{tabular}}};
|
|
1155 |
\path[->, red, line width=2mm] (rexp) edge node [above=4mm, black] {\begin{tabular}{c@{\hspace{9mm}}}token\\[-1mm]
|
|
1156 |
sequence\end{tabular}} (nfa);
|
|
1157 |
\node (final) [below=of dfa] {\bl{\begin{tabular}{c}\bf Machine Code/\\\bf Byte Code\end{tabular}}};
|
|
1158 |
\path[->, red, line width=2mm] (nfa) edge node [above=4mm, black] {\begin{tabular}{c}parse\\[-1mm] tree
|
|
1159 |
\end{tabular}}(dfa);
|
|
1160 |
\path[->, red, line width=2mm] (dfa) edge (final); |
|
1161 |
\end{tikzpicture}\\
|
|
1162 |
\end{center}
|
|
1163 |
||
1164 |
\end{frame}}
|
|
|
369
43c0ed473720
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
302
diff
changeset
|
1165 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
43c0ed473720
updated
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
302
diff
changeset
|
1166 |
|
| 608 | 1167 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
1168 |
\mode<presentation>{
|
|
1169 |
\begin{frame}[t]
|
|
1170 |
\frametitle{\begin{tabular}{c}What is Next\end{tabular}}
|
|
1171 |
||
1172 |
\begin{itemize}
|
|
1173 |
\item register spilling |
|
1174 |
\item dead code removal |
|
1175 |
\item loop optimisations |
|
1176 |
\item instruction selection |
|
1177 |
\item type checking |
|
1178 |
\item concurrency |
|
1179 |
\item fuzzy testing |
|
1180 |
\item verification\bigskip\\ |
|
1181 |
||
1182 |
\item GCC, LLVM, tracing JITs |
|
1183 |
\end{itemize}
|
|
1184 |
||
1185 |
\end{frame}}
|
|
1186 |
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% |
|
1187 |
||
|
184
2e9134d25a2b
added slides
Christian Urban <christian dot urban at kcl dot ac dot uk>
parents:
173
diff
changeset
|
1188 |
|
| 812 | 1189 |
|
1190 |
\begin{frame}<1-10>
|
|
1191 |
\end{frame}
|
|
1192 |
||
| 63 | 1193 |
\end{document}
|
1194 |
||
1195 |
%%% Local Variables: |
|
1196 |
%%% mode: latex |
|
1197 |
%%% TeX-master: t |
|
1198 |
%%% End: |
|
1199 |