Attic/fun-orig.scala
author Christian Urban <christian.urban@kcl.ac.uk>
Fri, 03 Dec 2021 18:10:33 +0000
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// A Small Compiler for a Simple Functional Language
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// (includes an external lexer and parser)
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//
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// call with 
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//
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//     amm fun.scala fact
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//
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//     amm fun.scala defs
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//
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// this will generate a .j file and run the jasmin
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// assembler (installed at jvm/jasmin-2.4/jasmin.jar)
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// it runs the resulting JVM file twice for timing 
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// purposes.
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import java.io._  
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import scala.util._
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import scala.sys.process._
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// Abstract syntax trees for the Fun language
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abstract class Exp extends Serializable 
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abstract class BExp extends Serializable 
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abstract class Decl extends Serializable 
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case class Def(name: String, args: List[String], body: Exp) extends Decl
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case class Main(e: Exp) extends Decl
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case class Call(name: String, args: List[Exp]) extends Exp
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case class If(a: BExp, e1: Exp, e2: Exp) extends Exp
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case class Write(e: Exp) extends Exp
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case class Var(s: String) extends Exp
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case class Num(i: Int) extends Exp
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case class Aop(o: String, a1: Exp, a2: Exp) extends Exp
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case class Sequence(e1: Exp, e2: Exp) extends Exp
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case class Bop(o: String, a1: Exp, a2: Exp) extends BExp
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// compiler - built-in functions 
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// copied from http://www.ceng.metu.edu.tr/courses/ceng444/link/jvm-cpm.html
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//
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val library = """
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.class public XXX.XXX
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.super java/lang/Object
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.method public static write(I)V 
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        .limit locals 1 
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        .limit stack 2 
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        getstatic java/lang/System/out Ljava/io/PrintStream; 
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        iload 0
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        invokevirtual java/io/PrintStream/println(I)V 
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        return 
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.end method
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"""
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// calculating the maximal needed stack size
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def max_stack_exp(e: Exp): Int = e match {
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  case Call(_, args) => args.map(max_stack_exp).sum
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  case If(a, e1, e2) => 
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    max_stack_bexp(a) + (List(max_stack_exp(e1), max_stack_exp(e2)).max)
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  case Write(e) => max_stack_exp(e) + 1
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  case Var(_) => 1
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  case Num(_) => 1
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  case Aop(_, a1, a2) => max_stack_exp(a1) + max_stack_exp(a2)
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  case Sequence(e1, e2) => List(max_stack_exp(e1), max_stack_exp(e2)).max
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}
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def max_stack_bexp(e: BExp): Int = e match {
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  case Bop(_, a1, a2) => max_stack_exp(a1) + max_stack_exp(a2)
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}
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// for generating new labels
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var counter = -1
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def Fresh(x: String) = {
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  counter += 1
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  x ++ "_" ++ counter.toString()
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}
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// convenient string interpolations 
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// for instructions, labels and methods
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import scala.language.implicitConversions
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import scala.language.reflectiveCalls
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implicit def sring_inters(sc: StringContext) = new {
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    def i(args: Any*): String = "   " ++ sc.s(args:_*) ++ "\n"
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    def l(args: Any*): String = sc.s(args:_*) ++ ":\n"
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    def m(args: Any*): String = sc.s(args:_*) ++ "\n"
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}
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type Env = Map[String, Int]
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// compile expressions
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def compile_exp(a: Exp, env : Env) : String = a match {
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  case Num(i) => i"ldc $i"
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  case Var(s) => i"iload ${env(s)}"
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  case Aop("+", a1, a2) => compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"iadd"
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  case Aop("-", a1, a2) => compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"isub"
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  case Aop("*", a1, a2) => compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"imul"
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  case Aop("/", a1, a2) => compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"idiv"
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  case Aop("%", a1, a2) => compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"irem"
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  case If(b, a1, a2) => {
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    val if_else = Fresh("If_else")
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    val if_end = Fresh("If_end")
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    compile_bexp(b, env, if_else) ++
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++
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    i"goto $if_end" ++
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    l"$if_else" ++
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    compile_exp(a2, env) ++
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    l"$if_end"
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  }
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  case Call(name, args) => {
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    val is = "I" * args.length
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    args.map(a => compile_exp(a, env)).mkString ++
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    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/$name($is)I"
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  }
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  case Sequence(a1, a2) => {
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++ i"pop" ++ compile_exp(a2, env)
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  }
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  case Write(a1) => {
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++
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    i"dup" ++
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    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/write(I)V"
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  }
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}
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// compile boolean expressions
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def compile_bexp(b: BExp, env : Env, jmp: String) : String = b match {
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  case Bop("==", a1, a2) => 
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"if_icmpne $jmp"
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  case Bop("!=", a1, a2) => 
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"if_icmpeq $jmp"
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  case Bop("<", a1, a2) => 
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"if_icmpge $jmp"
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  case Bop("<=", a1, a2) => 
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    compile_exp(a1, env) ++ compile_exp(a2, env) ++ i"if_icmpgt $jmp"
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}
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// compile function for declarations and main
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def compile_decl(d: Decl) : String = d match {
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  case Def(name, args, a) => { 
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    val env = args.zipWithIndex.toMap
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    val is = "I" * args.length
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    m".method public static $name($is)I" ++
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    m".limit locals ${args.length}" ++
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    m".limit stack ${1 + max_stack_exp(a)}" ++
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    l"${name}_Start" ++   
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    compile_exp(a, env) ++
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    i"ireturn" ++
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    m".end method\n"
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  }
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  case Main(a) => {
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    m".method public static main([Ljava/lang/String;)V" ++
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    m".limit locals 200" ++
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    m".limit stack 200" ++
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    compile_exp(a, Map()) ++
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    i"invokestatic XXX/XXX/write(I)V" ++
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    i"return" ++
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    m".end method\n"
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  }
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}
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// main compiler functions
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def time_needed[T](i: Int, code: => T) = {
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  val start = System.nanoTime()
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  for (j <- 1 to i) code
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  val end = System.nanoTime()
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  (end - start)/(i * 1.0e9)
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}
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def deserialise[T](fname: String) : Try[T] = {
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  import scala.util.Using
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  Using(new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(fname))) {
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    in => in.readObject.asInstanceOf[T]
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  }
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}
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def compile(class_name: String) : String = {
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  val ast = deserialise[List[Decl]](class_name ++ ".prs").getOrElse(Nil) 
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  val instructions = ast.map(compile_decl).mkString
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  (library + instructions).replaceAllLiterally("XXX", class_name)
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}
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def compile_to_file(class_name: String) = {
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  val output = compile(class_name)
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  scala.tools.nsc.io.File(s"${class_name}.j").writeAll(output)
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}
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def compile_and_run(class_name: String) : Unit = {
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  compile_to_file(class_name)
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  (s"java -jar jvm/jasmin-2.4/jasmin.jar ${class_name}.j").!!
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  println("Time: " + time_needed(1, (s"java ${class_name}/${class_name}").!))
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}
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// some examples of .fun files
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//compile_to_file("fact")
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//compile_and_run("fact")
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//compile_and_run("defs")
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def main(args: Array[String]) : Unit = 
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   compile_and_run(args(0))
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}